This research deals with the translation of legal discourse into English and addresses the related problems. As legal translation is becoming increasingly important in the present global world, legal discourse appears to be one of the most challenging areas in translation practice. Hence, the studies in the field of translation in general and institutional-legal interlingual communication, in particular, appear to be of immense topicality. The research objective is to identify the main strategies relevant for legal discourse translation. As a result of the translation techniques analysis, the following effective strategies of legal discourse translation into English have been considered: terminological construction, the strategy of "conscious omissions," and the strategy of "conscious simplifications". Their effectiveness in solving many problems of legal translation into English has been proved, taking into account the dynamics of the legal discourse development, as well as linguistic and cultural factors. The expediency of using the suggested approaches and principles as a linguistic guide is substantiated.
Upon acquisition of independence in 1991, Kazakhstan was the only post- Soviet state where the titular nation did not have an overwhelming majority, the number of Kazakhs being fewer than the number of ethnic Russians. This explains to a certain extent why the Russian language, unlike other minority languages, has, to date, enjoyed a position of lingua franca in Kazakhstan and is used on equal grounds with Kazakh. Our contribution attempts to study the possible impact on the status of the Russian language of a 2017 project known as the ‘trinity of languages’— Kazakh, Russian and English— which includes a reform to Latinize the Kazakh alphabet. It will consider the possible polarization in the society with the younger generation probably choosing English and the older generation preferring the language as they know it.
The paper is focused on the research of the legal regulation of healthcare by the corresponding legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the description given in the Code on public health and the healthcare system. The author has also made the analysis of legislation related to the health protection of citizens. The author gives a proposal concerning the improvement of legislation related to the healthcare system.
The rapid aging of the population and the constant increase in life expectancy throughout the world is one of the greatest socio-economic and political transformations of our time. This article discusses the preparation of an integrated system to address the challenges of protecting the rights of older people. Also, based on the study of scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists on protecting the rights of older people at the international level and taking into account international standards and the implementation of international human rights treaties, analysis of the compliance of national legislation with international standards, an in-depth analysis of the legal powers of state bodies and other organizations of Kazakhstan related to protecting the rights of senior citizens. Insufficient attention in the field of domestic science is paid to the protection of the rights of the elderly. In addition, there are no state programs aimed at improving the protection of the rights of the elderly or addressing the problems of an aging population, and no relevant measures have been taken. The experience of foreign countries in the field of protecting the rights of elderly people is diverse, using it to improve the mechanism of legal regulation and the sphere of social services of Kazakhstan, we propose to put in place good aspects. However, taking into account the differences associated with legal and economic conditions, it is very important to implement in accordance with the legal system of the country.
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