O presente estudo avaliou a atividade física em uma amostra probabilística de 4.331 indivíduos com 12 anos ou mais, moradores no Município do Rio de Janeiro, que participaram de um inquérito domiciliar em 1996. Ocupação e lazer foram agrupados segundo categorias de gasto energético. Horas assistindo televisão ou utilizando computador ou video game foram também avaliadas. Somente 3,6% dos homens e 0,3% das mulheres referiram ocupação pesada. Entre os homens 59,8% referiram que nunca realizavam atividade física de lazer e entre as mulheres este percentual foi de 77,8%, ocorrendo um importante aumento desta prevalência com a idade, principalmente para homens. Mulheres realizam atividades de lazer de menor gasto energético do que os homens e com duração mediana também menor. Para horas assistindo televisão/vídeo/computador a média diária foi maior para as mulheres do que para os homens. Quanto maior o grau de escolaridade, maior a freqüência de atividade física de lazer em ambos os sexos. Analisados em conjunto, estes dados mostram o baixo gasto energético da população do Município do Rio de Janeiro com atividade física, sendo que as mulheres, os grupos de meia idade e idosos e os de baixa escolaridade apresentam um maior risco de não realizar atividade física de lazer.

BACKGROUND: Undernutrition early in life has been associated with chronic diseases and obesity among adults. Our study tested the hypothesis by examining the association between low stature, a marker of early poor nutrition, with obesity and abdominal fatness among adults. METHODS: A population-based survey was conducted in 1996, among 2040 households, with a non-response rate of 11.2%. Weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and skinfolds were measured at home. RESULTS: Age-adjusted prevalence of body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kgam 2 was 32% more frequent among adult men, and 60% more frequent among adult women, comparing the ®rst to the fourth quintile of height. A J-shaped curve describes the association between weight and the sum of skinfolds with stature after adjusting for confounding by age, energy intake, physical activity, smoking, age at menarche, and race. The adjusted odds ratio of obesity (BMI b 30 kgam 2 ) for short stature, compared to normal stature, was 1.57 with a 95% con®dence interval (CI) 0.90 ± 2.71 among men and 1.84 with a 95% CI 1.10 ± 3.06 among women. Short stature was associated with the risk of abdominal fatness only among women, with an odds ratio 1.77; 95% CI 1.10 ± 2.83. CONCLUSIONS: Increased risk of obesity and abdominal fatness among women of short stature, a marker for undernutrition early in life, was not explained by racial and socio-economic conditions, energy intake or age at menarche.

IntroduçãoO excesso de peso corporal é um nível do estado nutricional caracterizado pelo peso corporal excessivo, derivado do acúmulo de gordura, em relação à altura, que pode propiciar maior risco para o desenvolvimento de diversas doenças. É oriundo do cálculo de um indicador, denominado índice de massa corporal (IMC), muito usado para a classificação do estado nutricional na população de adultos, por meio da sua categorização em pontos de corte 1 .A obesidade é o estado mais grave do excesso de peso, sendo caracterizada como uma das doenças que integra o grupo de doenças e agravos não transmissíveis. A partir dos anos 60, as doenças e agravos não transmissíveis ocuparam a principal posição entre as causas de mortes no Brasil 2 . Estudos têm observado que indivíduos obesos apresentaram maior risco de desenvolver outras doenças como hipertensão arterial, enfermidades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemias, doenças gastrintestinais, osteoartrites, apneia do sono, distúrbios psicossociais, entre outras enfermidades 3,4 , e até mesmo de diminuição da expectativa de vida 5 . O desenvolvimento do excesso de peso e obesidade envolve múltiplos fatores, observados, principalmente, com as mudanças comportamentais do século XX, tais como hábitos de vida, consumo alimentar, características socioambientais, susceptibilidade genética e biológica 1 .ARTIGO ARTICLE Lino MZR et al.

Relationship between binge-eating episodes and self-perception of body weight in a nonclinical sample of five Brazilian cities Relação entre episódios de compulsão alimentar e autopercepção do peso corporal em uma amostra não-clínica em cinco cidades brasileiras A b s t r a c t Objective: To investigate the relationship between binge-eating episodes and a perception that body weight is above the ideal in a sample of customers interviewed at shopping malls in five Brazilian cities. Methods: In 1999, data were collected over the course of one week (Monday-Friday only) at the largest shopping malls in the cities of Porto Alegre, Salvador, Fortaleza, Goiânia and Curitiba (two malls per city). A total of 2855 participants (917 men and 1938 women) were interviewed. Weight and height measurements were standardized. Binge-eating episodes were identified using a questionnaire including the following questions based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria: "Have you ever eaten, in a period of two hours or less, an amount of food greater than that most people would eat?" and "If the answer was "yes", did you, during these episodes, feel unable to stop eating or to control how much you were eating?". Results: The prevalence of binge-eating episodes was higher among overweight subjects (15.6%) compared with normal-weight subjects (9.9%) (p = 0.0001) and, among subjects who perceived their body weight to be above the ideal (men: 13.9%; women: 15.1%) compared with those who perceived their body weight to be ideal or below the ideal (men: 8%; women: 7%) (p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for body mass index and demographic variables, bingeeating episodes were correlated with the perception that body weight is above the ideal only among women (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.5).Conclusions: These findings suggest that the perception that body weight is above the ideal, regardless of overweight status, is associated with binge-eating episodes in women.Keywords: Body weight; Obesity/psychology; Obesity/epidemiology; Self concept Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre percepção de peso corporal acima do ideal e episódios de compulsão alimentar em uma amostra de usuários de shopping centers de cinco cidades brasileiras. Métodos: Centrais de atendimento foram montadas nos dois maiores shopping centers de cinco cidades: Porto Alegre, Salvador, Fortaleza, Goiânia e Curitiba, durante cinco dias do ano de 1999, de segunda a sexta-feira, com a participação de 2.855 indivíduos (917 homens e 1.938 mulheres). O peso corporal e a altura foram medidos de forma padronizada. Os episódios de compulsão alimentar foram avaliados através de um questionário que incluía as seguintes questões: "Você já comeu em duas horas ou menos, uma quantidade de comida que a maioria das pessoas consideraria grande demais?" e "Em caso afirmativo, nas ocasiões em que comeu deste modo, geralmente sentia que não conseguia parar de comer ou controlar o quanto comia?", formuladas a partir dos critérios diagnósticos do DSM-IV. Resultados: A prevalência de episódios de ...

Objective: Stature is a powerful indicator of poor nutrition early in life in nations where undernutrition is a public health problem. Hypertension in adults has been associated with factors present early in life such as low birth weight. We tested the hypothesis that short stature is associated with hypertension among adults. Design and setting: A household survey of representative adults in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil was carried out in 1996. Subjects: Blood pressure and anthropometric measures were collected from 2802 adults in their own households. Prevalence estimates and modelling incorporated the sample design and weights. Results: Age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension for both sexes was lower in the third quartile of stature distribution. In women, but not in men, the odds ratio comparing the first quartile of stature with the fourth quartile was statistically significant with an odds ratio of 1.68 (95% CI 1.02-2.76). Adjusting for known risk factors for hypertension such as age, income, smoking, sodium and alcohol intake and race, the association among women, comparing the first with the fourth quartile for stature, was 1.84 (95% CI 1.03-3.30). With further adjustment for residual of weight on height the ratio reduced to 1.76 (95% CI 0.97-3.19, P value of trend = 0.03). Systolic blood pressure showed a U-shaped association with quartiles of stature, mainly among women, with a b-coefficient significantly lower at the third quartile. Conclusions: This association of stature with hypertension supports the theory of an important ontogenetic dependence of adult blood pressure, at least among women.

BackgroundIdeal Cardiovascular (CV) Health is characterized by four ideal lifestyle parameters and absence of cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of ideal CV health in the Amazon Basin and the influence of job strain on CV health in this setting are uncertain.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of ideal CV health and its relationship with job strain in a secluded area from a developing country.MethodsJob strain was evaluated in 478 employees from an university in the Amazon Basin by a questionnaire that classified participants as passive, active, low or high strain, according to the demand-control model. CV health was evaluated using the American Heart Association 7 health factors (diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia). Participants were classified as having ideal, intermediate or poor CV health. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe mean age was 44.3 ± 12 years, 65% were men, and 35% were faculty. No participant fulfilled the criteria for ideal CV health. Intermediate CV health was found in 44 (9%) and poor in 434 (91%) individuals. Considering low strain as a reference group, individuals classified as high strain, active and passive had a non-significant (p > 0.05) increase in the chances of having poor CV health. When adjusting for possible confounders, high job strain was associated with poor BMI (> 30 kg/m2), (OR 2.11, 95%CI 1.06-4.22; p = 0.034) and poor diet (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.29-4.13; p = 0.005).ConclusionJob strain was not associated with cardiovascular health, but high job strain was related to obesity and poor diet. Given the high prevalence of poor CV health and lack of participants with ideal CV health, policies focusing on health education and lifestyle interventions are paramount to this population.

SIQUEIRA, KAMILE S., JOSE C. APPOLINARIO, AND ROSELY SICHIERI. Overweight, obesity, and binge eating in a non-clinical sample of five Brazilian cities. Obes Res. 2004;12:1921-1924. Objective: To investigate the relationship between obesity/ overweight and binge eating episodes (BEEs) in a large nonclinical population. Research Methods and Procedures:Consumers at shopping centers in five Brazilian cities (N ϭ 2858) who participated in an overweight prevention program were interviewed and had weight and height measured to calculate BMI. Results: Prevalence of overweight (BMI ϭ 25 to 29.9 kg/m 2 ) was 46.6% for men and 36.6% for women. Obesity (BMI Ն 30 kg/m 2 ) was about two-thirds of the prevalence of overweight. BEEs (subjects who binged one or more times per week over the last 3 months) in normal-weight individuals was 1.4% for men and 3.9% for women, whereas in overweight/obese, these prevalences were 6.5% and 5.5%, respectively (p Ͻ 0.01). After adjustment for age, socioeconomic variables, and childhood obesity, those who reported BEEs had an odds ratio of being overweight/obese of 3.31 (95% confidence interval: 1.11 to 9.85) for men and 1.73 (95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 2.84) for women. Discussion: These findings indicate a strong association between episodes of binge eating and overweight/obesity, mainly among men.

OBJETIVO: Relatar estudo de caso de atendimento nutricional a criança com diagnóstico de anemia falciforme. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Realizaram-se quatro atendimentos nutricionais pela equipe do Internato de Nutrição da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Uerj) no período de julho a setembro de 2005 a criança de 1 a 4 meses, feminina, negra, com anemia falciforme. Na avaliação do estado nutricional e do ganho de peso, empregaram-se os seguintes indicadores antropométricos: comprimento/idade, peso/idade e peso/comprimento, e um indicador de impacto nutricional. A análise dietética compreendeu a avaliação da ingestão energética e de macronutrientes observada na primeira consulta após 30 dias de intervenção. COMENTÁRIOS: Ao longo do período analisado, a baixa estatura para a idade (z=−1,32) evoluiu para adequação (z=0,87), enquanto o peso em relação ao comprimento manteve-se inadequado (z=−2,53). O ganho de peso foi 50% inferior ao incremento esperado. O consumo energético inicialmente inadequado (60% das recomendações) alcançou, após 30 dias, 117%. A Estratégia em Saúde da Família vem sendo recomendada como importante ferramenta para monitorar as condições nutricionais, bem como para melhorar a atenção prestada. Entretanto, considerando o modelo de atenção primária local, observa-se haver necessidade de capacitação, especialmente no que tange às peculiaridades inerentes à condição de nutrição e de saúde dos portadores de anemia falciforme.