Garugapinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae) is a medium-sized tree widely available all over the tropical regions of Asia. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam) Oken. (Crassulaceae) is an indigenous and exotic plant grown in tropical regions. Both plants have been used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, wound healing, antidiabetic activities, etc. This investigation was designed to explore the result shown by methanolic extract of Garuga pinnata bark and Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves, on cognitive power and retention of the memory in experimental mice along with quantification of phenolic compounds and DPPH radicals neutralizing capacity. The memory-enhancing activity was determined by the elevated plus-maze method in Scopolamine-induced amnesic mice, using Piracetam as allopathic and Shankhpushpi as ayurvedic standard drugs. Two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) of both extracts were administered to mice up to 8 consecutive days; transfer latency of individual group was recorded after 45 minutes and memory of the experienced things was examined after 1 day. DPPH assay method and the Folin–Ciocalteu method were employed to determine antioxidant potency and total phenol amount, respectively. 400 mg/kg of the methanolic B. pinnatum bark extract significantly improved memory and learning of mice with transfer latency (TL) of 32.75 s, which is comparable to that of standard Piracetam (21.78 s) and Shankhpushpi (27.83 s). Greater phenolic content was quantified in B. pinnatum bark extract (156.80 ± 0.33 µg GAE/mg dry extract) as well as the antioxidant potency (69.77% of free radical inhibition at the 100 µg/mL concentration). Our study proclaimed the scientific evidence for the memory-boosting effect of both plants.
Background: The quality of life of older people reflects their health status and well-being and is an important area of concern for those involved in the care of older people. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life of older people residing in a rural community at Banke district, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 older people aged 60 years and above in ward number-3 (Karmona, Radhaypur, and Indrapur) of Janaki rural municipality of Banke district. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale- BREF. T-test and ANOVA test were used to compare the mean scores of different variables and domains of quality of life. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: The mean score and standard deviation of total quality of life were 72.97±6.91. The mean quality of life score was lowest in the psychological domain (63.39±7.11) compared to environment (71.56±7.40), social (77.68±10.49), and physical domains (79.24±12.39). A statistically significant difference was observed on total quality of life scores between age groups (p=.001), sex (p=0.047), marital status (p=.001), occupation (p=.004), educational status (p=.001), living status (p=.007), source of livelihood (p=0.001), and physical health problems (p=.001) of older people. Conclusions: In older people, the psychological domain of quality of life necessitates particular attention along with their environment, social, and physical health.
Waterlogging is one of the major problem of land degradation processes. Reliable and accurate mapping of areas affected by these processes with their location and extent can be extremely useful in chalking out suitable water management strategies and also to undertake remedial measures to prevent their advancement. The study was carried out for Rohtak district of Haryana, India. For this study IRS -1D, LISS-III satellite data acquired on March 6, 2010 was used to identify surface water logged area as well as to update different topographical features digitized with the help of SOI topo sheets. Water table depth and groundwater quality maps were also prepared using data collected from different sources. GIS environment was used to prepare and overlay different thematic maps and to extract the desired information. Based on satellite imagery, about one per cent of the study area was found to be affected by surface waterlogging during the pre-monsoon period of 2010. Management strategies were suggested depending on the nature of the problem i.e. surface or sub-surface waterlogging as well as depth and quality of groundwater.
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