Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Memory-Enhancing Activity of Garuga pinnata Roxb. Bark and Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam) Oken. Leaves

Abstract

Garugapinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae) is a medium-sized tree widely available all over the tropical regions of Asia. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam) Oken. (Crassulaceae) is an indigenous and exotic plant grown in tropical regions. Both plants have been used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, wound healing, antidiabetic activities, etc. This investigation was designed to explore the result shown by methanolic extract of Garuga pinnata bark and Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves, on cognitive power and retention of the memory in experimental mice along with quantification of phenolic compounds and DPPH radicals neutralizing capacity. The memory-enhancing activity was determined by the elevated plus-maze method in Scopolamine-induced amnesic mice, using Piracetam as allopathic and Shankhpushpi as ayurvedic standard drugs. Two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) of both extracts were administered to mice up to 8 consecutive days; transfer latency of individual group was recorded after 45 minutes and memory of the experienced things was examined after 1 day. DPPH assay method and the Folin–Ciocalteu method were employed to determine antioxidant potency and total phenol amount, respectively. 400 mg/kg of the methanolic B. pinnatum bark extract significantly improved memory and learning of mice with transfer latency (TL) of 32.75 s, which is comparable to that of standard Piracetam (21.78 s) and Shankhpushpi (27.83 s). Greater phenolic content was quantified in B. pinnatum bark extract (156.80 ± 0.33 µg GAE/mg dry extract) as well as the antioxidant potency (69.77% of free radical inhibition at the 100 µg/mL concentration). Our study proclaimed the scientific evidence for the memory-boosting effect of both plants.

Study of Antibacterial Activity of Root Bark, Leaves, and Pericarp Extracts of Diploknema butyracea and Evaluation of Prospective Antioxidant Activity

“…The antioxidant activity of plant extract was checked by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity, according to previous methods with slight modification [ 29 – 31 ]. At first, the stock solution of 0.1 mM of DPPH, 1 mg/ml of ascorbic acid, and test solutions were prepared in ethanol.…”

A Review of the Popular Uses, Anatomical, Chemical, and Biological Aspects of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae): A Genus of Plants Known as “Miracle Leaf”

“…In comparison with other extracts (AE and PEE) obtained from the leaves, the EE showed the greatest radical inhibitory effect by DPPH, reaching a maximum inhibitory effect of 49.5 ± 5.6% (2000 µg/mL) [ 106 , 156 ]. The antioxidant property of ME from leaves showed 69.77% of free radical inhibition (100 µg/mL) of DPPH [ 62 ].…”

“…The anticonvulsant activity from the ME of roots and stems of K. pinnata decreased with increased doses of the ME of roots, whereas the effect of the ME of stems was dose-dependent (it increased with higher doses) and this effect was preserved when the mixture of chloroform and ethyl acetate were tested. The dose of 400 mg/kg of the ME significantly improved the memory and learning of mice [ 62 , 80 ]. A study utilizing a larval zebrafish model was conducted to assess the potential of the AE obtained from K. pinnata leaves; the results indicated that the AE exhibited both anxiolytic and psychoactive effects, in a dose-dependent manner [ 173 ].…”

Phytochemical Studies Of Bryophyllum Pinnatum Lam. (Oken) Leaves Extracts And Evaluation Of Its Wound Healing Activity

“…The sped-up injury mending saw with the methanol concentrate could be credited to the synergistic activity of its phytoconstituents, especially flavonoids and tannins, known for their mitigating and cell reinforcement properties. Flavonoids have been accounted for Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 10(3) 900-902 2023 902 to advance injury mending by upgrading collagen combination, angiogenesis, and fibroblast expansion, while tannins show astringent and antimicrobial impacts, supporting injury conclusion and forestalling contamination (Bhandari et al, 2021). The predominant injury mending viability of the methanol concentrate may likewise be credited to its capacity to extricate many bioactive mixtures from Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves, including both polar and non-polar constituents.…”