Silicon-based anode materials have a theoretical capacity 10 times that of commercial graphite and have attracted attention. Herein, a creative and effective strategy is elaborated for the synthesis of composite Cu 2 MoS 4 /SiNS materials through the self-assembly of silicon nanospheres and a two-dimensional Cu 2 MoS 4 material. The porous silicon dispersed in the two-dimensional layered structure can effectively release the volume expansion and mechanical stress generated, which can also provide further active sites and fast channels for Li + transmission, and improve the conductivity of the material. As expected, when used as the anode of lithium-ion batteries, the Cu 2 MoS 4 /SiNS material exhibited a highly improved electrochemical performance. Benefitting from the unique structural features, the Cu 2 MoS 4 /SiNS material showed a discharge specific capacity of 1920 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 and an excellent rate capability of 1330 mAh g −1 at 1.0 A g −1 after 100 cycles. When the current density was further increased to 2.0 A g −1 to test the fast charging performance of the Cu 2 MoS 4 /SiNS material, we obtained a specific capacity of 1180 mAh g −1 with 69.2% capacity retention that could still be maintained after 400 cycles. The ultrastable properties and superior capacity of the composite material provide the potential direction for the construction of high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
This paper introduces the major Chinese research groups in the fields of biomedicine, food safety, environmental testing, material research, archaeological and cultural relics, gem identification, forensic science, and other research areas of Raman spectroscopy and combined methods spanning the two decades from 1997 to 2017. Briefly summarized are the research directions and contents of the major Chinese Raman spectroscopy research groups, giving researchers engaged in Raman spectroscopy research a more comprehensive understanding of the state of Chinese Raman spectroscopy research and future development trends to further develop Raman spectroscopy and its applications.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely associated with atherosclerosis (AS). Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of ER stress in endothelial cells during AS progression is unclear. Here, the role and regulatory mechanism of DNA (cytosine‐5‐)‐ methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B) in ER stress during AS progression were investigated. ApoE−/− mice were fed with high fat diet to construct AS model in vivo. HE and Masson staining were performed to analyze histopathological changes and collagen deposition. HUVECs stimulated by ox‐LDL were used as AS cellular model. Cell apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. DCFH‐DA staining was performed to examine ROS level. The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were assessed using ELISA. In addition, MSP was employed to detect PTPN2 promoter methylation level. Our results revealed that DNMT3B and FGFR3 were significantly upregulated in AS patient tissues, whereas PTPN2 was downregulated. PTPN2 overexpression attenuate ox‐LDL‐induced ER stress, inflammation and apoptosis in HUVECs and ameliorated AS symptoms in vivo. PTPN2 could suppress FGFR3 expression in ox‐LDL‐treated HUVECs, and FGFR3 knockdown inhibited ER stress to attenuate ox‐LDL‐induced endothelial cell apoptosis. DNMT3B could negatively regulate PTPN2 expression and positively FGFR2 expression in ox‐LDL‐treated HUVECs; DNMT3B activated FGFR2 expression by increasing PTPN2 promoter methylation level. DNMT3B downregulation repressed ox‐LDL‐induced ER stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis in endothelial cells, which was reversed by PTPN2 silencing. DNMT3B activated FGFR3‐mediated ER stress by increasing PTPN2 promoter methylation level and suppressed its expression, thereby boosting ER stress to facilitate AS progression.
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