The world today stands on the brink of an important industrial revolution that is causing important progress in our lives in many industrial, medical electronics, biology, and electronics fields, etc. Nanotechnology is one of the most important sciences at this time. Nanoparticles possess very different chemical and physical properties comparative with macro scale particles. The laser ablation technique is one of the most used and important techniques used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The laser ablation technique provides the most appropriate nanoparticles with high purity. This paper reported a review of nanoparticles and its properties also the methods used to synthesis it.
Laser micromachining is used in the microfluidic application, especially in biomedical technology, the point of care diagnostics, and chemical analysis. In this research work, a micro-engraving was done on PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) using a CO2 laser. Based on the Taguchi design of the experiment; 25 experiments were done to study the effect of laser parameters on the micro-engraving process. The effect of input parameters, laser power, engraving speed, and overlapping space has discussed on the micro-engraving characteristic, surface roughness, engraving depth, and overall time of the process. The results show different surface roughness ranged between 7 – 1.72 µm. Also, the depth results ranged between 20.4 – 5800 µm which could be used in many various applications. The ANOVA results showed that the engraving speed has a significant”effect on surface roughness and”engraving depth, but in engraving time, the laser power has a substantial impact at 94.06%.
Zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on a glass and n-type Silicon wafer substrates at temperature range from 50 -200 C o using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the films have been investigated. The XRD analyses indicate that ZnS films have zinc blende structures with plane (111) preferential orientation, whereas the diffraction patterns sharpen with the increase in substrate temperatures. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Images shows the particle size and surface roughness of the deposited ZnS thin film at substrate temperature 50 and 150 C o were about 62.90nm, 74.68nm respectively. Also we noticed that the surface roughness is increased at substrate temperature 150 C o compared with temperature 50 C o . At 200 C o the formed films exhibit a good optical property with 80% transmittance in the visible region. The electrical properties confirmed that they depend strongly on the bias voltage and the amount of current produced by a photovoltaic device which is directly related to the number of photons absorbed. C-V results demonstrated that the fabricated heterojunction is of abrupt type.
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