This commitment is reflected in our continued support of technology development and innovation in our current and future energy systems. Our organizations have each supported a variety of research and development activities and initiatives in collaboration with national laboratories, academia, and industry partners that explore and utilize different technologies to meet a variety of energy demands. Nuclear energy is an important part of the global clean energy supply, providing nearly one-third of the world's non-emitting electricity and complementing and enabling other clean energy sources, including renewables. Recognizing this current and future potential for nuclear energy, the Nuclear Innovation: Clean Energy Future (NICE Future) initiative was launched in 2018 at the Ninth CEM in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since its launch, the NICE Future initiative has succeeded in initiating broad, cross-sectoral dialogue among CEM member countries to highlight the roles that nuclear energy can play in bolstering economic growth, energy security, and access, and environmental stewardship. This includes exploring and building awareness about how innovative nuclear energy technologies across both large and small-scale applications, such as small modular reactors (SMRs) and other advanced reactors, can drive clean growth. To explore and communicate the increasingly flexible roles that nuclear energy technologies can play in integrated clean energy systems of the future, the NICE Future initiative proudly launched the Flexible Nuclear Campaign for Nuclear-Renewables Integration (Flexible Nuclear Campaign) at the 10 th CEM in Vancouver, Canada in 2019. The International Energy Agency's (IEA's) 2019 World Energy Outlook forecasts that electricity generation from variable renewables could range from 36% to 67% by 2040. As more renewables connect to the grid, many countries are developing innovative options to employ more flexible operation of traditional and base load energy sources, like nuclear, to produce electricity and heat to meet demand. This report brought together experts from around the globe to share expertise and study opportunities for innovative and advanced nuclear systems to operate flexibly and work in tandem with renewables, contributing to clean energy systems of the future. As demonstrated in technical analyses summarized in this report, nuclear energy offers flexibility in certain electricity markets around the world, and new nuclear technologies could extend the versatility of nuclear energy systems further. At its most basic, nuclear energy can operate flexibly by ramping power output up or down to match grid demand; however, nuclear energy's services extend beyond just electricity generation. Around the world, research is underway to explore how nuclear systems can use generated thermal
The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Acaaemy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Frank Press is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Robert M. White is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining co the health of the public. The Institute acts under thf»-e^ponsibility givan co th» t»Ai-4/->n»i ^r?/i«»n>y nf "r'^r.coc by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Samuel O. Thier is the president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Frank Press and Dr. Robert M. White are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.-^"Sh^^s^SSif^S^'^^I'iLi^^^ study on which it is based were supported by Contract No. ^|||i|P^pil"'TOLjiWfef^R)etween the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Academy of^Sciences-National Research Council.
Much has been made of the global expansion of nuclear power. While experts discuss the pros and cons, countries are moving forward with their plans to build new plants. Of all the energy technologies available, why nuclear? Perspectives from the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Egypt and Thailand
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