Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) sprout is a popular fresh vegetable, tasty and high in antioxidants. To increase yield and quality after the occurrence of both abiotic and biotic stresses, the application of seaweed extracts is of great importance. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) in the presence of salt on the antioxidant potential of V. radiata sprouts. Different concentrations of ANE viz. 0.00, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50% and NaCl 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM alone and in combinations were tested for researching the antioxidant potential of V. radiata sprouts at 0, 24, and 36 h of sprouting. The DPPH free-radical-scavenging activity of sprouts of V. radiata was found to increase with time and peaked at 24 h of treatment. The A. nodosum extract (0.01%) could reverse the ill effect of the low level of salinity posed by up to 25 mM NaCl. The increasing salinity deteriorated the antioxidant activity using ABTS method of sprouts down to 20.45% of the control at 100 mM NaCl. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and reducing power of V. radiata sprouts was found to increase till 36 h of sprouting. A slight increase in TPC, TFC and reducing power was observed when seeds were treated with low concentrations of ANE. The elevation in TPC, TFC and reducing power upon treatment with low concentrations of ANE was also noticed in sprouts in saline combinations. Alpha amylase inhibition activity was found to reach a (67.16% ± 0.9) maximum at 24 h of sprouting at a 0.01% concentration of ANE. Tyrosinase inhibition and alpha glucosidase inhibition was 88.0% ± 2.11 and 84.92% ± 1.2 at 36 h of sprouting, respectively, at 0.01% concentration of ANE. A. nodosum extract is natural, environmentally friendly, and safe, and could be used as one of the strategies to decline stress at a low level and enhance the antioxidant activities in V. radiata sprouts, thus increasing its potential to be developed as an antioxidant-based functional food.
Estimation of genetic diversity in a crop species provides a basis for devising future strategies for their conservation and sustainable use in crop improvement. Genotypic variation in 72 barley genotypes was studied for ten morphological traits during two consecutive cropping years (2015-16 and 2016-17) at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Coefficient of variation attributed to genotypic diversity was recorded highest for grain yield (26.16 %) followed by inclination angle (20.0 %), internode length (13.11 %) and tillers per meter (13.07 %). However, days to maturity (2.69 %) contributed less to diversity with lower coefficient of variation. The principal component analysis revealed that first four most informative components could explain about 71.0 % of total variation present in the studied genotypes. Hierarchical cluster analysis clubbed all the barley genotypes into eight clusters. Clusters III and V being the largest one with 14 genotypes each and with one genotype. Cluster I was the smallest. Among all, maximum distance was displayed by clusters I and VI, however, highest diversity was exhibited by cluster V. The genotypes namely MGL 21 (early heading), MGL 38 (early maturing), MGL 47 (short plant height with high tillering), MGL 12 (high culm thickness), MGL 117 (long internodes), MGL 15 (long spikes) and MBGSN 145 (high grain weight, high yield, lodging resistant) were identified as most diverse genotypes. Cluster I, IV and VII portrayed better performance for most of the traits studied. Genotypes from these groups could be utilized as donors in breeding programs for different agro-ecologies.
The fertilizers that are derived from seaweed are known as Seaweed Liquid Fertilizers (SLF). SLF is a modern, cheap, non-toxic, and natural bioactive fertilizer. Among different studied seaweeds, Ascophyllum nodosum is significant as having bioactive ingredients that potentially regulate the molecular, physiological, and biochemical processes of crop plants. In the present study, the effects of the application of different concentrations (0.00%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.50%, and 1.00%) of A. nodosum Extract (ANE) to the Vigna aconitifolia through roots (Pot Root Application, PRA) and on the leaves (Pot Foliar Application, PFA) were monitored via the plant growth. The lower concentrations of ANE in both the PRA and PFA experiments showed positive growth on V. aconitifolia. The 0.10% ANE stimulated the maximum shoot growth when applied through the roots, while 0.05% ANE in both PFA and PRA experiments led to an increase in the number of pods, nodules, organic content, and moisture percentage. The 0.10% ANE also increased the leaf numbers, leaf area, and photosynthetic pigments. Hence, the application of 0.05% and 0.10% of A. nodosum extract in two ways (i.e., Pot Foliar Application, PFA, and Pot Root Application, PRA) ameliorated the growth capabilities of V. aconitifolia.
One hundred and seventy barley germplasm lines (101 two rowed and 69 six rowed) and three standard checks (BH393 six rowed, BH946 six rowed and BH885 two rowed) were evaluated for ten quantitative traits using augmented block design consisting of 10 complete blocks during rabi season of 2014-2015 at Wheat and Barley section research farm,
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