The best‐performing colloidal‐quantum‐dot (CQD) photovoltaic devices suffer from charge recombination within the quasi‐neutral region near the back hole‐extracting junction. Graded architectures, which provide a widened depletion region at the back junction of device, could overcome this challenge. However, since today's best materials are processed using solvents that lack orthogonality, these architectures have not yet been implemented using the best‐performing CQD solids. Here, a new CQD ink that is stable in nonpolar solvents is developed via a neutral donor ligand that functions as a phase‐transfer catalyst. This enables the realization of an efficient graded architecture that, with an engineered band‐alignment at the back junction, improves the built‐in field and charge extraction. As a result, optimized IR CQD solar cells (Eg ≈ 1.3 eV) exhibiting a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.3% are reported. The strategy is applied to small‐bandgap (1 eV) IR CQDs to augment the performance of perovskite and crystalline silicon (cSi) 4‐terminal tandem solar cells. The devices show the highest PCE addition achieved using a solution‐processed active layer: a value of +5% when illuminated through a 1.58 eV bandgap perovskite front filter, providing a pathway to exceed PCEs of 23% in 4T tandem configurations with IR CQD PVs.

To explore the larvicidal activity of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using the ethanolic Catharanthus roseus flower extract (CRE) against the larvae of Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti), AgNPs were synthesized by an eco-friendly method and characterized by Ultraviolet−Visible (UV−Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle Size Analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray spectrometry (EDX) analysis. The resultant AgNPs showed a spherically well-defined, highly stable, and monodispersed shape with an average particle size ranging from 15 to 25 nm. The absorbance of the AgNPs was measured by using a UV− Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 416 nm. The presence and binding of the phenolic functional group with the AgNPs were confirmed using FTIR analysis. Particle size analysis revealed an average particle diameter of 90 nm with 80 % distribution. XRD analysis revealed the highly crystalline nature of the CRE-AgNPs. The LC 50 and LC 90 values of CRE-AgNPs and the extract were calculated. The mortality percentage of the extract and synthesized CRE-AgNPs was observed after 24 h. The maximum larvicidal activity with 100 % mortality of A. aegypti was observed in AgNPs synthesized using ethanolic CRE. The LC 50 and LC 90 values are 8.963 and 20.515 ppm for CRE-AgNPs against A. aegypti larvae, respectively. The CRE-AgNPs revealed superior antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria; the zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured for all of the pathogens, and the results revealed that different concentrations of CRE-AgNPs showed a remarkable ZOI of about (a) 10−14 mm for Salmonella typhimurium, (b) 6−11 mm for Bacillus subtilis, (c) 11−14 mm for Enterococcus faecalis, and (d) 9−10 mm for Shigella boydii. The maximum ZOI was observed in E. faecalis. Impeccably, the cytotoxicity of CRE-AgNPs at 250 μg/mL is 82% against the HaCaT cell lines. The synthesized CRE-AgNPs showed maximum effectiveness of paradoxical activity on mosquito larvae.

The architecture of integrated perovskite/organic solar cells (IPOSCs) is a promising strategy to further enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by extending their photoresponse to the near-infrared range. To maximize the potential benefits of the system, it is crucial to optimize the perovskite crystallinity and intimate morphology of the organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ). More importantly, efficient charge transfer between the interface of the perovskite and BHJ plays a key role in the success of IPOSCs. This paper reports efficient IPOSCs by forming interdigitated interfaces between the perovskite and BHJ layers. Large microscale perovskite grains enable the infiltration of BHJ materials into the perovskite grain boundary, thereby increasing the interface area and promoting efficient charge transfer. Owing to the synergetic effect of the interdigitated interfaces and optimized BHJ nanomorphology, the developed P−I−N-type IPOSC exhibited an excellent PCE of 18.43% with a J sc of 24.44 mA/cm 2 , a V oc of 0.95 V, and a FF of 79.49%, which is one of very efficient hybrid perovskite−polymer solar cells.

Energy storage and conversion are critical components of modern energy systems, enabling the integration of renewable energy sources and the optimization of energy use. These technologies play a key role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable development. Supercapacitors play a vital role in the development of energy storage systems due to their high power density, long life cycles, high stability, low manufacturing cost, fast charging-discharging capability and eco-friendly. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has emerged as a promising material for supercapacitor electrodes due to its high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and good stability. Its unique layered structure also allows for efficient ion transport and storage, making it a potential candidate for high-performance energy storage devices. Additionally, research efforts have focused on improving synthesis methods and developing novel device architectures to enhance the performance of MoS2-based devices. This review article on MoS2 and MoS2-based nanocomposites provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the synthesis, properties, and applications of MoS2 and its nanocomposites in the field of supercapacitors. This article also highlights the challenges and future directions in this rapidly growing field.