BACKGROUND Few human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines exist. We established UM-SCC-104, a new HPV(+) HNSCC cell linefrom a recurrent oral cavity tumor, and characterized it for the presence of cancer stem cells (CSC). METHODS Tumor cells were tested for biomarker expression by immunohistology and the presence of HPV was assessed by several methods. RESULTS UM-SCC-104 has a unique genotype, contains HPV-16 and expresses E6/E7. Inoculation of (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase) ALDH(+) and ALDH(−) cells in an immunocompromised mouse resulted in tumor growth from the ALDH(+) cells after 6 weeks that recapitulated the histology of the primary, while ALDH(−) cells did not produce tumors. CONCLUSIONS UM-SCC-104, a new HPV-16, CSC-containing HNSCC cell line will aid in studying recurrent HPV(+) tumors. The aggressive nature of this tumor is consistent with high uniform expression of EGFR and a functionally significant proportion of ALDH(+) CSC.

It is likely that BPPV after TBI is more difficult to treat than idiopathic BPPV, but no tendency to recur was observed in patients who developed BPPV after TBI compared with idiopathic BPPV. Further prospective clinical meta-analytic studies are needed to investigate the outcome of BPPV after TBI.

Potassium-based sorbent was prepared by impregnation with potassium carbonate on activated carbon. The role of water and its effects on pretreatment and CO 2 absorption was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. K 2 CO 3 could be easily converted into K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O working as an active species by the absorption of water vapor as the following reaction: K 2 CO 3 +3/2 H 2 O→K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O. One mole of K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O absorbed one mole of CO 2 as the following reaction: K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O+CO 2 → ← 2KHCO 3 +0.5 H 2 O. The K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O phase, however, was easily transformed to the K 2 CO 3 phase by thermal desorption even at low temperature under low relative humidity. To enhance CO 2 capture capacity and CO 2 absorption rate, it is very important to maintain the K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O phase worked as an active species, as well as to convert the entire K 2 CO 3 to the K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O phase during CO 2 absorption at a temperature range between 50 o C and 70 o C. As a result, the relative humidity plays a very important role in preventing the transformation from K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O to the original phase (K 2 CO 3 ) as well as in producing the K 2 CO 3 ·1.5H 2 O from K 2 CO 3 , during CO 2 absorption between 50 o C and 70 o C.

MDCT is useful for the evaluation of the pharynx and upper esophageal FB foreign bodies.

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PurposeLaryngeal fracture is rare, but complications are frequent and severe. Controversy still exists in regards to its proper management. The aim of this study was to present the clinical findings and management of laryngeal fracture in Korea.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed the medical records of 22 patients with laryngeal fracture at a tertiary care trauma center from 2000 to 2010 retrospectively.ResultsIn total, 22 patients (19 men and 3 woman) presented with laryngeal fractures caused by blunt (n=13) or penetrating (n=9) injury. Pain (68.1%), odynophagia (68.1%), hoarseness (18.1%), hemoptysis (13.6%), and subcutaneous emphysema (9%) were the common presenting symptoms and noncomminuted fracture was common. High velocity blunt trauma (mostly traffic accidents) patients had more extensive injury and poor voice outcomes. Penetrating trauma patients due to physical assault or suicide attempt demonstrated more frequently injuries on the left side.ConclusionIn driver-caused traffic accidents, where injuries in a wide area within the larynx occurred, poor voice results were seen, and these injuries required aggressive treatment. When endotracheal intubation was performed at experienced emergency centers with fiberoptic laryngoscopes, airway management was safely achieved. In addition, if the fractured laryngeal framework was corrected at appropriate times, voice results were good.