The predominance of overuse injuries in singles disciplines reflects their increasing technical difficulty, with more difficult jumps and longer training hours. Partner disciplines are more likely to involve acute injuries and upper extremity injuries due to high-risk throws and lifts. Emphasis should be placed on properly fitting skating boots, intrinsic foot and ankle strengthening, and lower extremity flexibility, which may prevent many of the common lower extremity and back injuries in figure skating.

Objectives Treatment for iliopsoas tendinopathy includes ultrasound (US)‐guided iliopsoas peritendinous corticosteroid injection. Evidence is lacking regarding US‐guided iliopsoas injection efficacy in patients with iliopsoas tendinopathy and intra‐articular (IA) hip abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of US‐guided iliopsoas corticosteroid injection for iliopsoas tendinopathy in patients with and without IA hip abnormalities. Methods This work was a prospective study evaluating patients aged 12 to 50 years with iliopsoas tendinopathy. Participants completed a Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) questionnaire before and 6 weeks after injection. The main outcome measure was the change in HOOS subcategory scores. Independent variables included time and hip status. Normal hips were compared to abnormal hips with IA abnormalities. A 2‐way repeated measures analysis of covariance with effect size (η2) was used to determine injection effects on HOOS scores before and 6 weeks after injection. Results A total of 178 patients (154 female and 24 male) were analyzed. Time effects were found for both normal and abnormal hips in all HOOS subcategories: symptoms (P = .041; η2 = 0.050), pain (P = .001; η2 = 0.184), activities of daily living (P = .011; η2 = 0.076), function in sports and recreation (P = .001; η2 = 0.151), and quality of life (QOL; P = .001; η2 = 0.193). Significant differences between normal versus abnormal hips were found in the sports and recreation (P = .032; η2 = 0.056) and QOL scores (P = .001; η2 = 0.135). Conclusions In patients with iliopsoas tendinopathy, US‐guided iliopsoas corticosteroid injection improved outcomes regardless of coexisting IA hip abnormalities. Patients without IA hip abnormalities showed greater improvement in sports and recreation and QOL scores compared to patients with IA hip abnormalities. Ultrasound‐guided iliopsoas injection for iliopsoas tendinopathy may advance short‐term care and help continue with nonsurgical treatment regimens.

There is little written in the orthopaedic literature regarding common musculoskeletal problems that women encounter in relation to pregnancy and their clinical and surgical management. Exercise and other physical activity are generally recommended for most women before, during, and after pregnancy. Unfortunately, a variety of musculoskeletal issues may keep women from starting, continuing, or resuming a healthy exercise regimen throughout a notable portion of their reproductive years. Untreated and undertreated orthopaedic conditions in female athletes may therefore have further unintended negative effects on maternal and fetal health. This article reviews the existing literature on musculoskeletal health considerations before, during, and after pregnancy to provide practical information to orthopaedic surgeons who treat women of all ages and athletic abilities.

Long term (14d) AngII infusion augments intrarenal AngII production and raises blood pressure; ACE inhibition (ACEi) blunts both responses. This study aimed to determine 1) the renal responses to a short term (3 d) non‐pressor dose of AngII and 2) whether the responses were blunted by ACEi treatment implicating local AngII production. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were infused via osmotic minipumps with either vehicle (control) or AngII (200 ng/kg/min) ± the ACEi enalapril (30 mg/kg/day in drinking water). There were no significant differences in body weight gain, overnight urine volume, or urinary Na and K excretion among the groups. Abundance of renal transporters was determined by quantitative immunoblot, and normalized to control values, defined as 1.0. Control AngII AngII + enalapril Cortex NHE3 total 1.00 ± 0.05 1.51 ± 0.14* 1.37 ± 0.02* NHE3‐P 1.00 ± 0.07 1.37 ± 0.09 1.45 ± 0.13* NKCC total 1.00 ± 0.09 1.70 ± 0.23* 1.57 ± 0.11 NKCC‐P 1.00 ± 0.17 1.96 ± 0.20* 2.13 ± 0.17* NCC total 1.00 ± 0.05 1.33 ± 0.08* 1.12 ± 0.03 NCCpS71 1.00 ± 0.07 1.29 ± 0.09* 1.01 ± 0.04 SPAK total 1.00 ± 0.19 2.71 ± 0.55* 2.87 ± 0.40* Medulla NKCC total 1.00 ± 0.04 0.70 ± 0.05* 0.75 ± 0.07* NKCC‐P 1.00 ± 0.03 0.82 ± 0.11 1.22 ± 0.28 SPAK total 1.00 ± 0.02 0.99 ± 0.06 0.98 ± 0.03 p<0.05 vs. control. Conclusion1) 3 d AngII infusion increases cortical NHE3, NKCC, NCC and SPAK while decreasing medullary NKCC abundance. 2) Blocking intrarenal RAS with enalapril blunted the effects of AngII infusion on NCC total, NCCp, and NKCC indicating these are early targets of intrarenal RAS stimulation and, thus, intrarenal ACE inhibition. NIH R01 DK 083785.

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Chronic lower back pain (LBP) is common in both nonathletes and weight lifters, but the diagnosis and treatment should be approached differently in these 2 populations based on the unique movement patterns causing the pain.Injury rates of weight lifters are far less than those of contact sports, ranging from 1.0 to 4.4 injuries per 1,000 workout hours. However, the lower back was consistently one of the top 2 injury sites for weight lifters, accounting for anywhere from 23% to 59% of all injuries. LBP was most often associated with the squat or deadlift.Guidelines for evaluating general LBP are applicable to weight lifters, including a thorough history and physical examination. However, the differential diagnosis will change based on the patient's lifting history. Of the many etiologies of back pain, weight lifters are most likely to be diagnosed with muscle strain or ligamentous sprain, degenerative disk disease, disk herniation, spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis, or lumbar facet syndrome.Traditional recommended therapies include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and activity modification, which are often insufficient to resolve pain and prevent injury recurrence. Because most athletes will want to continue to lift weights, lifting-specific behavior modifications focused on improved technique and correcting mobility and muscular imbalances are important aspects of management in this patient population.