RESUMO: o objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar, a partir do olhar da equipe educacional, as práticas pedagógicas no Ensino Médio e Ensino Profissionalizante quando tem em sala de aula alunos surdos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo qualitativa e a coleta de informações ocorreu a partir de uma entrevista não estruturada com dois professores, dois pedagogos e um intérprete de Libras que atuam na educação de três alunos surdos do ensino regular. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola estadual, considerada referência para educação de surdos, de uma cidade de médio porte do interior do Paraná. O conjunto de dados foi dividido em eixos temáticos e analisados a partir do conteúdo. Os eixos temáticos norteadores da discussão são: aspectos positivos e negativos -inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino regular; metodologias de ensino usadas em sala de aula com o aluno surdo; o intérprete de Libras na escola regular. Conclui-se que a inclusão do aluno surdo está sendo realizada, mas que essa inclusão não está garantindo o acesso às aprendizagens, pois há dificuldades de comunicação entre professor e aluno surdo, falta de conhecimento sobre a surdez e adaptações metodológicas isoladas na sala de aula. Espera-se que esse estudo movimente discussões acerca da inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino regular, possibilitando a essa população um ensino que respeite a peculiaridade da surdez e dê condições para que esses sujeitos se desenvolvam e participem efetivamente do meio social em que vivem. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Educação Especial. Surdez. Inclusão Educacional. Ensino Médio. ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to investigate teaching practices, from the perspective of the educational team, in high school and vocational education when there are deaf students in the classroom. We conducted a qualitative field study; data collection occurred using an unstructured interview with two classroom teachers, two pedagogues and one Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) interpreter who work with three deaf students in regular education. The survey was conducted in a state school that is considered a reference in deaf education, in a medium sized city in a rural part of the state of Paraná. The dataset was divided into themes and analyzed according to content. The categorical topics under discussion were positive and negative aspects -inclusion of deaf students in regular education, teaching methodologies used in the classroom with deaf students, the Libras interpreter in regular schools. We concluded that even though the inclusion of deaf students is being carried out, access to learning is not necessarily being ensured. The reasons for this include communication difficulties between teachers and deaf students, lack of understanding about deafness and the application of isolated methodological adaptations isolated in the classroom. We hope this study will instigate further discussions about the inclusion of deaf students in regular education, enabling this group to partake in an educational experience that respects the uniqueness of deafness, and that offe...

The periodic evaluation of high-frequency thresholds may be useful in the early detection of hearing loss in musicians.

Introduction Hearing is the main sensory access in the first years of life. Therefore, early detection and intervention of hearing impairment must begin before the first year of age. Objective To analyze the results of the electrophysiological hearing assessment of children at risk for hearing loss as part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS). Methods This is a cross-sectional study held at a hearing health public service clinic located in Brazil, with 104 babies at risks factors for hearing loss referred by public hospitals. A questionnaire was applied to parents, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was held, identifying those with alterations in the results. The outcome of the NHS was also analyzed regarding risk factor, gestational age and gender. Results Among the 104 subjects, most of them were male (53.85%), and the main risk factor found was the admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a period longer than 5 days (50.93%). Eighty-five (81.73%) subjects were screened by NHS at the maternity and 40% of them failed the test. Through the ABR test, 6 (5.77%) infants evidenced sensorineural hearing loss, 4 of them being diagnosed at 4 months, and 2 at 6 months of age; all of them failed the NHS and had family history and admission at NICU for over 5 days as the most prevalent hearing risks; in addition, family members of all children perceived their hearing impairment. Conclusion Advances could be observed regarding the age of the diagnosis after the implementation of the NHS held at the analyzed public service clinic.

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Introduction  Tobacco farming exposes workers to various health risks due to the high application of pesticides needed to control pests, weeds and fungal diseases that prevent the tobacco plant growth. Objective  To analyze the perception of the quality of life of tobacco growers exposed to pesticides, with emphasis on general health, hearing, and working conditions. Method  This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach with farmers from southern Brazil. Data were collected from November of 2012 to November of 2014. For data collection, we opted for the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire, and a questionnaire with closed questions about health, hearing and working conditions. We evaluated a total of 78 subjects; the study group, made up of 40 tobacco farmers exposed to pesticides, and a control group of 38 participants without occupational exposure to pesticides. Both groups are residents of the same municipality, and users of the federal public health system. Results  The results showed that tobacco growers had lower quality of life scores compared with the control group. Significant differences were observed in the areas of pain and general health. There were correlations between physical elements and chronic diseases; hearing complaints and a lack of personal protective equipment use, occupation and hearing complaints, as well as general health and hearing complaints. Conclusion  Tobacco farming is a risky activity for general and hearing health, and it can impact the quality of life of those working in this field.

Objective: to check and compare female farm workers’ and female tobacco farm workers’ behavior related to the use of pesticides after the pregnancy diagnosis and their effect on the infants’ hearing. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical observational study developed with 59 female farming mothers. From these, 25 were tobacco farm workers (Group F) and 34 were farm workers for other crops (Group A - control). The results of the hearing screening of 59 infants, from both groups, were verified. The anamnesis to raise the risk factor indicators for hearing disabilities as well as the caption of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) was accomplished. Results: tobacco farming is directly related to the use of pesticides (p=0.0043); laundry of clothes worn to apply the pesticides is an indirect means of exposure/ contamination by pesticides and/or chemical substances (p=0.018); the association between pass/fail results and Hearing Disabilities Risk Indicators (HDRI) of infants in both groups (tobacco farm workers and other workers) did not show significant statistical differences. Conclusion: effects on the hearing health of infants of female tobacco farm workers and other farm workers exposed to pesticides were not found in this research. Further studies on this theme are suggested.

Introdução: O aleitamento materno exclusivo é fundamental até os seis meses, pois além de promover a saúde integral para o bebê, auxilia no desenvolvimento craniofacial e nas funções estomatognáticas. Objetivo: Investigar o conhecimento das mães sobre aleitamento materno, hábitos orais deletérios e outros métodos para ofertar a dieta ao bebê. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de caráter quantitativo. Foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas, em 80 mães de uma Clínica Escola de Fonoaudiologia, no período de junho a setembro de 2017. Resultados: 66,3% das mães possui idade entre 18 a 30 anos, 98,8% realizou pré-natal, 63,8% realizou aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de idade, a maioria (88,8%) demonstrou conhecimento acerca da amamentação exclusiva e 72,5% receberam informações sobre o aleitamento no hospital, 43,8% receberam informações sobre o uso da chupeta e 27,5% quanto ao uso da mamadeira. Observou-se que a mamadeira é a segunda forma mais conhecida para ofertar leite ao bebê, totalizando 52,7%. Em relação ao profissional que mais orientou sobre a amamentação, hábitos orais deletérios e utensílios de alimentação foi o enfermeiro (57,5%) e apenas 16,30% receberam orientações de fonoaudiólogos. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que há grande adesão do aleitamento materno exclusivo, porém há ainda uma parcela que não realiza desta forma. As mães possuem conhecimento em relação à chupeta, mamadeira, aleitamento materno e outras formas de aleitar, porém, as informações sobre o Sistema Estomatognático estão escassas. Verificou-se que não houve muita atuação do fonoaudiólogo com essa população. Vale ressaltar que há maior número de enfermeiros, em comparação com o número de fonoaudiólogos.

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