RESUMO A indicação da cirurgia bariátrica (CB) para perda de peso e redução de comorbidades associadas à obesidade é crescente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as repercussões da CB na qualidade de vida (QV), no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial (PA) de indivíduos obesos mórbidos em três momentos distintos: um mês antes, três meses depois e seis meses após a CB. Participaram da pesquisa 42 indivíduos com obesidade mórbida do programa de CB de um hospital da cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG, os quais foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupo intervenção (GI, n=21) e grupo controle (GC, n=21). O GI sofreu intervenção cirúrgica e o GC foi orientado a manter os afazeres diários usuais durante todo período do estudo, além de receberem acompanhamento nutricional. Foram avaliados a QV, o perfil bioquímico e a PA através do instrumento SF-36, do exame laboratorial de sangue obtido no prontuário dos pacientes e do esfigmomanômetro e estetoscópio, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram redução nas variáveis bioquímicas High-density lipoproteins (HDL), Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), colesterol, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina glicada, glicose, pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica no GI, após 6 meses de cirurgia. Houve melhora significativa nas variáveis relacionadas à QV, exceto nos aspectos emocionais. Conclui-se que a CB pode repercutir positivamente na maioria dos domínios da QV, na melhora do perfil bioquímico e na PA de pacientes obesos mórbidos após 3 e 6 meses de CB.
Purpose. To compare the effects of aquatic and land plyometric training on the vertical jump (VJ) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in soccer players. Methods. Twenty-four male soccer players aged 16-18 years (16.53 ± 0.5 years) were randomly divided into three groups: aquatic plyometric training (APT) (n = 8; age: 16.4 ± 0.4 years; body mass: 68.3 ± 7.54 kg; height: 179.75 ± 8.13 cm); land plyometric training (LPT) (n = 8; age: 16.5 ± 0.5 years; body mass: 68.2 ± 7.8 kg; height: 177.0 ± 7.4 cm); and control group (n = 8; age: 16.7 ± 0.6 years; body mass: 61.2 ± 6.5 kg; height: 171.43 ± 5.75 cm), not performing any jump program. An identical training program was applied for 6 weeks, totalling 944 jumps. The VJ was evaluated on a leap jump platform and the Visual Analogue Scale measured the change in DOMS perception.Results. There was a significant increase in the VJ height in both experimental groups (LPT and APT) (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in DOMS perception was verified for the APT group in comparison with the LPT group (p < 0.05) between the first and last week of training. The foot contact time significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the APT group from pre-to posttest. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in the flight time and jump speed from pre-to post-test in both LPT and APT groups. Conclusions. APT can increase the VJ height and reduce DOMS perception in soccer players.
SummaryStudy aim: To determine and compare the time under tension (TUT) required to perform 8, 10 and 12 repetition maximum (RM) loads in the bench press exercise. Material and methods: Twenty men (24.17 ± 4.69 years) were selected intentionally and properly. We included in the study physically active individuals, with a weekly frequency of physical activity of at least two days for six months, and excluded individuals with injury or pain that could interfere with the correct execution of the exercise and individuals with positive PAR-Q. The 10-RM test consisted in performing ten consecutive repetitions with maximum overload and the highest speed in bench press exercise on the Smith machine. After 48 h, 10-RM sets were performed with the load obtained in the 10-RM load testing. The TUT in 10-RM was verified through kinematics using the timing technique of the Kinovea software. Results: The RM loads and TUT obtained during the retest session showed normal distribution between subjects. However, no significant differences were found between the loads 8, 10 and 12-RM within and between subjects (p < 0.05). The verified TUT showed a difference from 8 to 10-RM and from 8 to 12-RM, but no significant difference was found between TUT protocols for 10 and 12-RM (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:The study results enable evaluation of TUT in bench press exercise on the Smith machine for the study sample, allowing, for this group, the prediction and control of training intensity through the TUT.
Artigo elaborado a partir da dissertação de JBP CASTRO, intitulada "Faça o que eu digo, mas não o que eu faço: uma análise de discurso sobre práticas alimentares e corporais entre graduandos em Educação Física e Nutrição". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; 2014.
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Aim: To verify the effects of physical exercise on low back pain (LBP) and serum cortisol levels in individuals with chronic LBP. Materials & methods: Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of exercise on LBP perception and cortisol levels in adults with nonspecific chronic LBP were included. Results: Four randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 85 participants in the exercise group and 84 in the control group. The interventions reduced -1.61 (95% CI: -2.36 to -0.85) with inconsistency I2 = 72% (p = 0.031) the LBP level and increased 1.05 (95% CI: 0.22–2.32) with inconsistency I2 = 86% (p < 0.0001) the cortisol levels. Conclusion: The practice of physical exercise for 6 weeks or more reduced LBP levels, whereas the rate of progression of an exercise-training program in people with chronic LBP is greater than 4 weeks, but increased the cortisol serum levels in individuals with LBP.
Alimentação, corpo e subjetividades na Educação Física e na Nutrição: o ranço da adiposidade e a ascensão dos músculos Food, body and subjectivities in Physical Education and Nutrition: rancidity of adiposity and the rise of muscles Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é discutir questões relativas à imagem corporal no universo de estudantes dos cursos de graduação em Educação Física e Nutrição de uma universidade pública no município do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de estudo de natureza socioantropológica, situado no campo da Saúde Coletiva, cuja estratégia metodológica consistiu em articular observação participante e entrevistas informais e formais com esses discentes. Observou-se que há uma pressão para que sejam modelos de boas práticas alimentares e corporais, ou seja, comportamentos considerados saudáveis, além de apresentarem uma imagem corporal concernente com os padrões estéticos vigentes, discurso que predomina entre eles nos espaços acadêmicos e fora destes. Valores relativos a juventude, sexo e estética corporal são aí mobilizados e relacionados à convivência social, às posições de distinção na sociedade fortemente hierarquizada, reação às normas e regras sociais, entre outros aspectos na sociedade de consumo, onde o culto à imagem do corpo tende a ser hegemônico.
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