Dermal accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has increasingly been implicated as the underlying cause of delayed diabetic wound healing. Devising an in vitro model to adequately mimic glycated tissues will facilitate investigation into the mechanism of glycation in conjunction with exploration of new approaches or improvement of current therapies for treating diabetic chronic wounds. Collagen matrices were artificially glycated and the presence of AGEs was demonstrated by immunostaining. Both the mechanical properties of the collagen matrices and their interactions with fibroblasts (morphology, attachment, proliferation, and migration) were altered after glycation, moreover, there was evidence of impairment on extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling as well as inhibition of cell-induced material contraction. The actin cytoskeletons of the fibroblasts residing in the glycated collagen matrices were reorganized. In vivo mice full-thickness dermal wound models implanted with glycated collagen matrices showed delayed wound healing response. Thus, the glycated collagen matrix is an adequate in vitro model to mimic glycated tissues and could serve as a facile experimental tool to investigate the mechanism of glycation in conjunction with exploration of new approaches or improvement of current therapies for treating diabetic wounds.

Intra-operative administration of iv water and electrolyte during bowel surgery, based on stroke volume measured using oesophageal Doppler, was associated with decreased complication rates.

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This paper describes the preparation of oxidized hyaluronan crosslinked gelatin microspheres for drug delivery. Microspheres were prepared by a modified water-in-oil-emulsion crosslinking method, where 3-dimensional crosslinked hydrogel microspheres formed in the absence of any extraneous crosslinker. SEM analyses of the microspheres showed rough surfaces in their dried state with an average diameter of 90 µm. Lyophilization of fully-swollen microspheres revealed a highly porous structure. Guanidinoethyl disulfide (GED) was used as a model drug for incorporation into the microspheres; encapsulation of GED was confirmed by HPLC. There was an inverse correlation between the diameters of the microspheres with their GED loading. Macrophage was used as a model cell to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of GED release from the microspheres. The in vivo efficacy of the microspheres was further validated in a mouse full-thickness transcutaneous dermal wound model through suppression of cell infiltration.

Chitosan with a bioactive agent such as rhVEGF showed excellent results in occluding aneurysms in a rat model.

No abstract