Isotretinoin (ISO) is an oral prescription-only retinoid, well known for its acne-treating effect. However, it affects a substantial number of human cell types, causing a broad spectrum of adverse effects. The purpose of this study is to establish the isotretinoin therapy adverse events among human clinical trials and their prevalence. Two authors (J.K., J.L.) systematically performed the literature review and assessment from December 2021–February 2022. Three databases (PubMed, ClinicalTrials, and Cochrane Library) were searched using the following terms: “isotretinoin acne vulgaris” for published studies in English from 1980–2021. Finally, 25 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and five open-label clinical trials provided 3274 acne vulgaris suffering patients. Isotretinoin therapy affects almost all of the systems in the human body, causing numerous adverse events. However, they mainly concern mild mucocutaneous conditions (severe cases are rare) and represent individual responses to a drug. In addition, all adverse events are reversible and can be avoided by specific preparations.
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) are among the most common types of drug hypersensitivity reactions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of CADRs and to determine the causal relationship between drugs, comorbidities, cofactors or concomitant symptoms, and cutaneous reactions. A retrospective hospital-based study was carried out over a period of 10 years at the Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn to record various CADRs, comorbidities, cofactors, and the suspected drug in hospitalized patients. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. CADRs were diagnosed in a total of 140 patients, 32.14% of whom were men and 67.86% of whom were women. The mean age was 66.33 years. The most commonly suspected drugs were Allopurinol 12.86%, Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid 10%, Amoxicillin 9.29%, Paracetamol 6.43%, Metronidazole 5%, and Carbamazepine 5%. Attention should be paid to the possibility of using a substitute for a suspected drug if CADRs arise, or discontinuing a drug that is unjustifiably overused. The results of the present study should also prompt research into a potential treatment that could be implemented concurrently with a drug that has a high predisposition to cause CADRs.
Background and Objectives: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is an effective surgical procedure in the treatment of obesity. However, a significant percentage of patients suffer from weight regain over long-term follow-up. The mechanisms responsible for this process are still poorly understood. The aim of the study is to evaluate the predictive effect of weight regain in the second year after SG on long-term bariatric surgery effectiveness. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using the database of routinely collected information about patients undergoing SG in the Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Elderly Surgery in Olsztyn. Patients were divided into two groups according to the change in body weight between the first and second years after the surgery: weight gainers (WG) and weight maintainers (WM). Results: A study group consisting of 206 patients, with follow-up over 5 years, was included in the study. The WG group consisted of 69 patients while the WM group had 137 patients. There were no significant differences between the patient characteristics (p > 0.05). The WM group had a mean %EWL of 7.45% (SD, 15.83%) and %TWL of 3.74 (SD, 8.43). The WG group had a mean %EWL of 22.78% (SD, 17.11%) and %TWL of 11.29% (SD, 8.68). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The study showed significantly better results in WM compared to WG (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Weight regain in the second year after SG may be a good factor for long-term bariatric surgery effectiveness prognosis.
IntroductionPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an unusual childhood disease characterized by an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Its presentation may consist of nonspecific symptoms. Consequently, physicians have trouble diagnosing the disease as they fail to check the level of calcium or PTH.AimTo describe a case of a paediatric patient with primary hyperparathyroidism, who was successfully diagnosed and treated.Case studyA 14-year-old boy was admitted to the Paediatric Department with suspected PHPT after performing tests at the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic, which revealed hypercalcaemia and high PTH level. The ordering of tests was motivated by non-specific symptoms that could indicate PHPT. The ultrasonography, single photon emission computed tomography of the neck and Tc-99m MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy of the neck and upper thorax were performed, which revealed the presence of hypoechogenic structure and focal accumulation of a marker, consistent with the presence of adenoma. The patient was qualified for surgical treatment, which resulted in a resolution of pathological symptoms.Results and discussionBecause PHPT is a rare disease among paediatric patients, and is initially characterised by non-specific clinical picture, it is usually diagnosed when advanced organ changes occur. Screening tests, such as calcium and PTH determinations, are also not routinely ordered in this age group. Once the diagnosis is made, the treatment is largely supportive and includes prevention of life-threatening complications.ConclusionsA rare case of a boy with parathyroid adenoma was successfully managed with a multidisciplinary approach combining input from paediatric endocrinologists, radiologists and surgeons.
This is a report of one of the most serious complications of the cardiac pacemaker implantation ‐ infection of the implanted system. We present the case, which was misdiagnosed at the beginning and after cardiological consultation it was decided to immediately remove the peacemaker and transfer the patient to the Cardiological Department.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.