Rape, sexual violence, psychological violence, and physical violence, among college students have been a concern. Lifetime events are often studied but not violence that specifically transpires while one is in college. Underrepresented groups such as Deaf and Hard of Hearing students, students who are gay, lesbian, and bisexual, and students who are members of racial and ethnic minorities have not been studied as extensively as White, heterosexual females. The authors used several measures to investigate the incidence of sexual violence, physical and psychological abuse among underrepresented groups in a random sample of 1,028 college students at a private, northeastern, technological campus in upstate New York, United States and analyzed victimization rates by gender, race/ethnicity, auditory status, and sexual orientation. Binary logistic regression analyses found that statistically significant differences are likely to exist between members of underrepresented groups and groups in the majority. The study found statistically significant associations between Deaf and Hard of Hearing students and students who were gay, lesbian, bisexual, or other sexual orientation with psychological abuse and physical abuse. Racial and ethnic minorities and gay, lesbian, bisexual, and other sexual orientation students were significantly more at risk for sexual abuse. Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and other sexual orientation students, students who were members of a racial or ethnic minority, and female students were significantly more likely to be raped. Female heterosexual students were more likely to be the victim of an attempted rape. Suggestions for further research and policy implications are provided.
Studies that explore experiences of abuse among deaf or hard of hearing college students are sparse and usually focus on lifetime experiences rather than the college years. A random sample of more than 1,000 college students at a campus in Upstate New York provided the data for this study. An institute for the deaf or hard of hearing was one of the colleges at the university and provided a unique opportunity to explore experiences among this demographic. Victimization rates and experiences by auditory status--deaf and hard of hearing or hearing--were examined. Binomial regression analyses were employed and findings indicated a significant association with being deaf or hard of hearing and physical and psychological abuse at the hands of a partner. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.
Our research examines the possible association of sexual orientation and self-reported sexual harassment, sexual assault, intimate partner psychological abuse, and intimate partner physical abuse of college students from a northeastern university in the United States. Understanding the prevalence of these behaviors within this age group is important, as developing appropriate college policy to reduce these actions at this time may be beneficial for future prevention. This study also allows for one of the few true comparisons between those students who identified as sexual minority and non-sexual minority college students 1 . A total of 1881 college students were surveyed. Classes were randomly selected and surveys were administered to students in those classes. Gender specific models were also analyzed to examine if the relationship between sexual orientation and victimization differs for males and females. The results from the analyses support the prediction that sexual minority students were more likely to report all four types of victimization than non-sexual minority students. Sexual minority students were about four times more likely to report sexual assault, two times more likely to report sexual harassment and physical abuse, and about 1.5 times more likely to report psychological abuse. Sexual minority males were more likely to report sexual assault (nine times), sexual harassment (3.5 times), and physical abuse (twice as likely). Sexual minority females were about twice as likely to report sexual assault, physical abuse, and psychological abuse.
The involvement of patients, their families, or their representatives is becomingincreasingly common in health-care research. However, theoretical justif cationof patient engagement (PE) and consistent guidance on how to include patients askey stakeholders on research teams are still lacking. Tis paper describes how the Pri-Care group integrates PE into its program’s governance structure and uses a programlogic perspective to engage patients in the planning phases of a research study basedon resources, processes, and relationships, guided by the SPOR-CIHR’s PE framework.Te PriCare approach facilitates the evaluation and continuous improvement of PE.
Background: Patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) are widely recognized as important tools for achieving a patient-centered approach in health research. While PROMs are subject to several stages of validation during development, even questionnaires with robust psychometric properties may pose problems for targeted patients. Challenges can rise for reasons of clarity, understanding, comfort, or the complexity of the patient’s situation (e.g., their health needs). How can good practices in questionnaire development and validation on one hand, and challenges of accommodating patient comfort and understanding on the other hand be reconciled? Building on the experience of patient engagement in the PriCARE research program, this paper aims to propose: 1) steps to address challenges of patient comfort and understanding of the questionnaires and to reach consensus, and 2) patient-oriented guidelines for administrating the questionnaires. Methods: Based on a participatory approach and the patient engagement framework in the Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, team members, including patient partners, worked together to discuss the problem, review the questionnaires, and come up with different solutions. Based on literature presenting similar processes in research projects, a working group was created to produce guidelines for administering the questionnaires. We present a step-by-step description of strategies used in PriCARE, to reconcile good research practices for using validated questionnaires and the challenges in questionnaire development related to patient comfort and understanding. Results: This paper demonstrates how patient partners were engaged in PriCARE and integrated into the program’s governance structure, the challenges they raised regarding the questionnaires, and how the challenges were addressed in a six-step approach: 1) Recognizing patient partner concerns, discussing these concerns, and reframing the challenges; 2) Detailing and sharing evidence of the validity of the questionnaires; 3) Evaluating potential solutions; 4) Searching literature for guidelines; 5) Creating guidelines; 6) Sharing and refining guidelines. Conclusion: This six-step approach demonstrates how research teams can integrate patient partners as equal members, develop meaningful collaboration through recognition of individual experiences and expertise, and ensure the patient perspective is taken into consideration in questionnaire research, the development of data collection tools, and healthcare innovation in general.
Partner violence is a pervasive public health concern that has received significant attention over the past three decades. Although a number of studies have reported that college students who are Deaf or hard of hearing are at an increased risk of experiencing partner violence compared with their hearing counterparts, little is known about partner violence perpetration among college students who are Deaf or hard of hearing. Furthermore, beyond disability, studies examining partner violence among students with disabilities tend to ignore other potential risk factors that may increase the risk of partner violence as a victim and/or a perpetrator. This exploratory study examines the extent of partner violence among male and female college students by auditory status and the relationship between experiencing and perpetrating partner abuse (i.e., physical abuse and psychological abuse) and child maltreatment (i.e., witnessing abuse and experiencing child physical abuse). The study also examines gender differences in the relationship between child maltreatment and physical and psychological abuse victimization and perpetration. Data were collected from a sample of approximately 680 college students at a northeastern university. Findings indicate that having witnessed interparental abuse as a child was only significant for being an adult victim of physical abuse. Having been a child victim of parental abuse was not significant for any of the abuse measures. Gender was only significant for being an adult victim of physical abuse. Deaf students were significantly more likely to report all abuse measures. Implications and directions for further research are discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.