Aim To establish trends in Implant Dentistry in Latin America in the COVID‐19 pandemic. Material and methods A steering committee and an advisory group of experts in Implant Dentistry were selected among eighteen countries. An open‐ended questionnaire by Delphi methodology was validated including 64 questions, divided in 7 topics, concerning the various trends in dental implantology. The survey was conducted in two rounds, which provided the participants in the second round with the results of the first. The questionnaires were completed on August 2020, and the online meeting conference was held on September 2020. The final prediction was developed through consensus by a selected group of experts. Results A total of 197 experts from Latin America answered the first and second questionnaire. In the first round, the established threshold for consensus (65%) was achieved in 30 questions (46.87%). In the second round, performed on average 45 days later, this level was achieved in 47 questions (73.43%). Consensus was completely reached on the item “Diagnostic” (100%), the field with the lowest consensus was “Demand for treatment with dental implants” (37.5%). Conclusions The present study in Latin America has provided relevant and useful information on the predictions in the education and practice of Implant Dentistry in the COVID‐19 era. The consensus points toward a great confidence of clinicians in the biosecurity protocols used to minimize the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission. It is foreseen as an important change in education, with introduction of virtual reality and other simulation technologies in implant training.
Oral Squamous Papilloma is the most common benign tumor that can be found in the oral cavity, the main etiological factor is Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the route of transmission of this virus is through direct contact, despite being a lesion with benign characteristics, it has been observed in recent years that HPV infection is directly associated with the presence of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the oral cavity, becoming a factor of importance that must be addressed by the different health services worldwide. We present the case of a 63-year-old male patient who attended the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá-Colombia. Through the intraoral examination, a papillary lesion on the soft palate was found. An excisional biopsy was performed and the diagnosis is confirmed by histopathological examination.
Antecedentes: La cirugía oral es una especialidad que requiere preparación teórica y habilidad quirúrgica para efectuar los procedimientos. Durante el proceso de aprendizaje, los estudiantes, al efectuar cirugías, pueden enfrentar dificultades que dañen involuntariamente al paciente. A pesar de cumplirse los protocolos, es posible que se presenten eventos desfavorables durante la atención. Por este motivo, es necesario caracterizar y analizar dichos eventos en instituciones como una facultad de odontología para mejorar la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: Analizar los eventos desfavorables que se presentaron en el área quirúrgica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana en un periodo de dos años. Métodos: En este estudio observacional-descriptivo se evaluaron todas las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos entre el 1 de enero de 2014 y el 31 de diciembre de 2015, a fin de identificar y analizar los eventos desfavorables en cirugía oral. Resultados: De 1062 historias clínicas, 74 (7 %) tenían reportes de eventos desfavorables, 41 (56 %) de las cuales se tipificaron como complicaciones, 22 (30 %) como indicios de atención insegura y 11 (14 %) como eventos adversos. De ellos, 9 (82 %) fueron prevenibles y 2 (18 %) no prevenibles, todos relacionados con exodoncias. Conclusiones: Los eventos adversos en el área quirúrgica se presentaron en baja frecuencia y se relacionaron con exodoncias. Para reducir la ocurrencia de estas situaciones, es preciso realizar planeación prequirúrgica, elaborar meticulosamente las historias clínicas y, en caso de presentarse algún tipo de evento, informarlo.
This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of the bovine corpus luteum on in vitro embryo production. Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were aspirated from abattoir ovaries from cows (mainly Holstein and dairy crossbred cows and heifers) with (ipsilateral; CL+) and without (contralateral; CL−) corpus luteum (CL), and from cows without CL in any of the ovaries. The average weight of the ovaries from each group was 10.4±0.25, 5.7±0.25, and 6.1±0.25g for CL+, CL−, and C, respectively. The experiment was completed within 12 replicates (100 ovaries per group). The COC were cultured in maturation medium (TCM-199 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100µg mL−1 sodium pyruvate, 0.75mg mL−1 of L-glutamine, 4µg mL−1 of FSH-p, 100 µM cysteamine, and 250µg mL−1 of gentamicin) followed by IVF (synthetic oviducal fluid medium supplemented with 10µg mL−1 heparin) and in vitro culture (citrate synthetic oviducal fluid medium). On Day 7 after IVF, the embryos were evaluated and classified into morulae (M), early blastocysts (EB), regular blastocysts (RB), expanded blastocysts (ExB), and hatched blastocysts (HB), and the embryos with quality 1 (according to IETS criteria) were recorded. Data were analysed by logistic regression and general linear model of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA), and means were compared by the least squares means method. Results of cleavage, embryo rate at Day 7, and rates of M+EB, RB, ExB, and HB are shown in Table 1. The number of embryos per ovary was greater (P<0.01) in CL+ (1.16±0.11) than in CL− (0.45±0.15) and C (0.55±0.15). Also, the number of embryos per cultured oocyte was significantly greater in CL+ than in CL− and C (0.27±0.02v. 0.14±0.03 and 0.15±0.03, respectively; P<0.01). The results of this study reveal that the presence of the corpus luteum in the ovary at the time of the oocyte recovery affects the developmental capacity of the bovine embryos, and such influence probably occur through intraovarian interactions. Table 1.Effect of bovine corpus luteum on embryo production
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