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The optical damage of 1 mol % Sc2O3-doped LiNbO3 was approximately two times smaller than an optical grade LiNbO3 measured as a function of Ar+ (λ=488 nm) irradiation time. Severe Ar+ beam distortion observed in the undoped LiNbO3 was not present in the Sc2O3-doped LiNbO3. There was negligible shift in the OH− absorption band but a 10 nm blue shift was observed in the absorption edge, indicating that Sc3+ and Mg2+ incorporation may proceed by a different mechanism. This is the first of reported results, to the authors’ knowledge, of a trivalent dopant increasing the damage resistance level in LiNbO3.

Lanthanum and neodymium titanate A2Ti2O7 (A=La, Nd) single-crystal fibers were grown via the laser-heated pedestal growth technique. The single-crystal fibers were 600 μm in diameter and 3–4 cm in length. The piezoelectric, k23 and d23, and elastic compliance, s33, coefficients were measured using the standard resonance-antiresonance technique. From a comparison of the measured coefficients to poled single crystal data in the literature, it is concluded that the La2Ti2O7 single-crystal fiber grew in a single domain state.

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The noncritical phase-matching temperature, Tpm, of Sc2O3-doped LiNbO3 was measured as a function of Sc2O3 concentration (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol % Sc2O3). Increasing the Sc2O3 concentration increased the phase-matching temperature, but to a lesser extent than reported in MgO:LiNbO3. The maximum phase-matching temperature was 46.5 °C in the 1.0 mol % Sc2O3:LiNbO3 crystal with an estimated temperature bandwidth of 1° cm. Photorefractive damage, determined by distortion in the transmitted beam, decreased with increasing Sc concentration, reaching a damage level comparable to that observed in 5.0 mol % MgO:LiNbO3 crystal in the 1.5 mol % Sc2O3:LiNbO3 crystal.

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