The purpose of this study was to examine the strategies for improving the quality standardization of Besuki Na-Oogst tobacco cultivation. Data sources were obtained from the results of in-depth interviews with Besuki Na-Oogst tobacco-related stakeholders. The analytical method used was the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of the study showed that the success of Besuki Na-Oogst tobacco cultivation governance as a quality and export-oriented product was not only determined by good cultivation techniques but also needed to be supported by institutional patterns from upstream to downstream, starting from on-farm to off-farm. Trade and marketing are being the main priorities in the development of tobacco quality. Some of the top rankings in alternative strategies are the role of formal institutions in marketing followed by management of quality standards, determination of selling prices and market expansion occupying the priorities of all alternatives in the development of tobacco quality. These results are in line with the important role of quality in export commodities in particular in which quality will affect competitive advantage and ultimately improve the welfare of farmers and other tobacco farming actors.

Tobacco Besuki Na-Oogst (BesNO) is a fancy product and becomes a leading export-oriented commodity, especially as a raw material for making cigar. The embarrassment of Besuki Na-Oogst is a plant which has location specifics. Every tobacco-producing region has distinctive qualities. Tobacco Besuki Na-Oogst (BesNO) quality is measured using standards that are easily implemented by all tobacco Besuki Na-Oogst business actors. The research objective is to determine the competitiveness of tobacco Besuki Na-Oogst as an export quality product. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and SWOT. The research took place in Jember Regency Indonesia. The results show that tobacco Besuki Na-Oogst's strategic potential is supported by supporting infrastructure capacity in testing tobacco quality, geographical potential and human resources in the face of competition and international policy. The strategy applied is to support aggressive growth policies through improving the quality of cultivation and capacity of standard infrastructure and the quality and quality of human resources in the face of international competitiveness.

Seed cutting of sweet potato influenced by nutrient availability, especially nitrogen. Humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer can increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil and also can improve the physical nature of soil. This study aimed to find out the influence of humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer application toward the uptake of nitrogen nutrients for the seeds cutting quality of sweet potatoes. This research was conducted using factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, trere are humic straw subtances and cattle chiken manure. The variable observed was pH, C-Organic, N-Total of soil total length of plants, wet weight, dry weight, content of N-tissue, and N absorption. The result showed that a combination of humic straw substances and cattle chicken manure fertilizer influence to the increase of N-Total of soil, N-tissue, the uptake of N, the total length of plant, wet weight, and dry weight of the upper plants. The addition of a single factor of chicken manure fertilizer affects to the increase of pH and C-Organic of soil. Moreover, the best treatment combination in increasing the nitrogen uptake were A2P3 treatment (with 0.2% humic acid and 0.92 gram N of manure fertilizer). Furthermore, the best treatment combination in improving the number of seedlings cutting of sweet potatoes was A0P1 treatment (without humic acid and adding 0.46 gram N of  manure fertilizer).  Keywords:  seed cutting of sweet potatoes, nitrogen, chiken cattle manure and humic subtances.

Proses pembibitan ubijalar haruslah didukung dengan ketersediaan hara yang cukup agar mampu meningkatkan produksi bibit yang berkualitas. Penambahan pupuk kandang ayam dan senyawa humat mampu meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam dan senyawa humat terhadap jumlah bibit ubi jalar dan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor pupuk kandang ayam dan faktor senyawa humat. Variabel pengamatan meliputi variabel kuantitas bibit dan variabel kesuburan tanah. Variabel kuantitas bibit adalah jumlah cabang dan jumlah bibit stek yang dihasilkan sedangkan variabel kesuburan tanah meliputi C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia dan K tersedia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi pupuk kandang ayam dan senyawa humat berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan jumlah cabang, jumlah bibit stek yang dihasilkan, N-Total, P-tersedia dan K-tersedia yang terdapat di dalam tanah. Pemberian faktor tunggal pupuk kandang berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan C-organik tanah. Kombinasi terbaik dalam meningkatkan kualitas bibit dan kesuburan tanah yaitu A2P3 (senyawa humat 200 ml dan pupuk kandang ayam 60 gram/tanaman/5 kg tanah).

<p><em>Tidal flooding is one of many disasters caused by climate change. Semarang is one of coastal areas that is affected by climate change which brings tidal flooding in some coastal communities especially Tanjung Mas community in North Semarang. The flood is driven by sea level rise and subsidence. Tidal flooding distrupts the communities of Tanjung Mas in term of physical destruction and enviromental destruction. The disruptions are also affecting both their social and economic activities. The secondary data were collected by doing survey in some instutions who already had the data about tidal flooding. After the data were analyzed by using SPSS with cross tabulation analysis, it shows that the period of residency is (</em> <em>) 26,543 &gt; (</em> <em>) with statistical significance 5%:11,070. Meanwhile, the level of education is (</em> <em>) 42,285  &gt; (</em> <em>) with statistical significance in 5% : 9,487. The livelihood is (</em> <em>) 17,616 &gt; (</em> <em>) with statistical significance in 5% : 9,487. The level of income is (</em> <em>) 22,196 &gt; (</em> <em>) with statistical significance in 5% : 9,487. The level of knowledge is (</em> <em>) 13, 328 &gt; (</em> <em>) with statistical significance in 5% : 9,488. Those results show that the five factors are the cause of Tanjung Mas community’s reluctance to move from the coastal area and to stay in this tidal risk area. </em></p>