Microenterprise often considered as an antecedent for generating income and employment, which leads to a decline in overall poverty rate and other aspects of sustainable socio-economic development. The objective of this study is to identify the impact of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia's (AIM) microcredit program on microenterprise assets owned by poor women in rural Peninsular Malaysia. In order to advance our understanding on the topic, contribute to the existing literature and to obtain the above mentioned objective, we employed a cross sectional design with stratified random sampling method. Data was collected from 281 rural clients selected from seven branches in five states in Peninsular Malaysia. Findings showed that the current market value of livestock's, agricultural/production equipments, agricultural stock/raw materials, enterprise assets and motor vehicles owned by old client respondents were relatively higher than that of new client respondents. Study also revealed that the mean market value of microenterprise assets owned by old clients is significantly higher than that of new clients. Therefore, there is a need to give emphasis on providing adequate training, favorable environment, and flexible and diversified loan programs in order to promote sustainable microenterprise development.
The objective of this study is to examine the impact of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia's (AIM) microcredit program on their poor client's quality of life in rural Malaysia. AIM provides small scale financial services and training to poor and hardcore poor households in order to improve their socio-economic condition. This study employed a cross-sectional design with stratified random sampling method to examine whether participation in AIM's microfinance programs improves poor rural households quality of life. A quality of life index using eleven selected indicators was developed. Findings of this study extend the literature by providing empirical evidence that access to microfinance improved quality of life of the poor rural households in Malaysia. The findings show that respondent's participation status is associated with the size and quality of their houses. AIM should therefore focus on increasing the outreach as well as review and re-organize their programs in order to offer a dynamic and well-diversified microfinance program to fulfill all financial needs of their poor clients in rural areas.
While rationing of healthcare resources is inevitable even in the most developed economies, particularly on the wake of a pandemic, ethical basis of its implementation needs to be reviewed. With sudden and huge demand for drugs and medical supplies and equipments, the need for rationing arises and thus the concept becomes unavoidable. Thus, we aimed to review and analyse on the key ethical issues in the concept of healthcare rationing. Our search in various PubMed databases resulted articles explaining on the concept of strategizing the priorities based on universal ethical principles of justice, benevolence and ensuring equality rather than wealth, power, geographical location or other personal biases. Concrete and pragmatic regulations and guidelines for systematic rationing have to be framed and followed. In addition, physicians being sensitive and empowered on deciding bedside rationing in coordination with the recommendations of ethicists and healthcare officials, will ensure fair practice.
Résumé Le COVID-19, une importante « Urgence de santé publique de portée internationale », a demandé une plus grande attention des chercheurs pour étudier sa pathogenèse, les complications associées et la prise en charge. Cependant, rares sont les études qui ont étudié son impact potentiel sur la santé de la population, qui est soumise à l'éloignement social, au confinement communautaire et à des restrictions dans ses activités courantes. Le but de cette étude est d'évaluer la prévalence de la détresse psychologique et des besoins de santé mentale dans la population du Tamil Nadu soumise au confinement, à la distanciation sociale au milieu de la crise du COVID-19. Le Tamil Nadu est l'un des États les plus touchés du sud de l'Inde. Une étude d’application auto-administrée en ligne utilisant le « WHO-Self Reported Questionnaire-20 », en version bilingue, en anglais et en tamoul, est utilisée pour dépister le niveau de détresse. L'étude est effectuée alors que l'État est sous confinement prolongé et mouvements restreints. Sur les 918 répondants qui ont participé à l'enquête, on constate qu'environ plus d'un tiers des répondants (∼ 35%) sont en détresse psychologique. Les plus jeunes, les femmes, les célibataires, les personnes avec enfants se trouvent en situation de détresse de façon significative. Le confinement a augmenté la fréquence du tabagisme et la quantité de cigarettes chez les fumeurs, a également augmenté la fréquence de consommation d'alcool chez les consommateurs d'alcool. Parmi les items SRQ-20 enregistrés, les symptômes névrotiques liés au stress (> 70%) ont été plus observés que l'humeur dépressive. Environ 33 % des sujets ayant obtenu un score supérieur à 7 avaient une tendance suicidaire. Les districts déclarés zone rouge avaient notablement signalé un plus grand nombre de répondants en détresse. En plus d'atténuer efficacement la pandémie du COVID-19, en termes de stratégies de prévention, de contrôle et de traitement, il est capital de gérer efficacement la peur, la détresse due au COVID-19, l'anxiété et la dépression associées et d'étendre le soutien psychosocial au public.
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