The use of PLA and PLGA for drug delivery needs substantially more circumspection. As, according to FDA standards. the potential hazards of peptide acylation products need to be assessed, our findings may have significant implications for products already on the market. Techniques to minimize the acylation reaction are suggested.
The information transport in field-coupled nanomagnetic logic (NML) systems is demonstrated by investigating signal propagation in a circular chain of magnets. Design criteria for the magnet layout, signal injection timing, and the required clocking field are presented. The strong interaction between the magnets is estimated by simulations and verified by hysteresis curve measurements. Signal transmission in the magnetic wire is confirmed by magnetic force microscopy measurements, especially the propagation of a metastable pair of magnets with parallel magnetization. For the first time, a field-coupled magnetic logic device is successfully operated for hundreds of clocking cycles. Extensive studies verify the reliability and robustness of information transport in field-coupled NML systems from perpendicular magnetic media.
NbTiN superconducting nanowire detectors for visible and telecom wavelengths single photon counting on Si3N4 photonic circuits Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 051101 (2013) Superconducting single-photon counting system for optical experiments requiring time-resolution in the picosecond range Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 123103 (2012) Enhanced performance of resonant sub-terahertz detection in a plasmonic cavity Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083506 (2012) Plasmonic detector/spectrometer of subterahertz radiation based on two-dimensional electron system with embedded defect Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 082102 (2012) Ultra-low-noise MoCu transition edge sensors for space applications
Domain reversal in perpendicular multilayer films is governed by an intrinsic distribution of anisotropy. However, control of the switching field distribution (SFD) of field-coupled, single domain Co/Pt dots is the key to building large integrated systems for nanomagnetic logic applications. In this work, partial Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation of single-domain Co/Pt dots is employed which locally reduces the anisotropy and renders the film-inherent SFD ineffective. Controlled reduction in the switching field compared to non-irradiated dots is achieved, depending on size and dose of irradiation. TEM images of an as-grown and irradiated Co/Pt stack show a change in morphology from distinct Co/Pt interfaces to intermixed and randomly oriented grains due to the Ga+ ion impact. The presented method is highly suitable to control the switching behavior in field-coupled logic devices. Experimental results are used to demonstrate a nanomagnetic fanout operation.
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