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Introduction Ameloblastomas are neoplasms that have inspired great controversy and clinical interest; their incidence, radiographic features, treatment and behavior are still discussed quite often in the literature. In 2017, the classification of these lesions underwent modifications in terminology with the introduction of prospective views based on updates in current genetic studies. Objective To describe the most important features of the new classification, as well as to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical and radiographic characteristics of 136 ameloblastomas. Methodology The clinical-pathological characteristics of 136 patients diagnosed with ameloblastoma in two large hospitals in São Paulo were analyzed. All the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained slides were reviewed using an optical microscope (Olympus Cover) and tumors were classified according to the new WHO criteria (2017). Two independent evaluators analyzed the slides; in cases where there was disagreement a third evaluator was used and the result was established in consensus. Results 71% of the lesions were of the conventional type, the predominant histopathological pattern being plexiform (40%), 72% of the tumors showed cortical expansion, and 84% had a radiographic pattern of the multilocular type. The treatment of choice in most cases was segmental resection (45%) and recurrence was present in 13% of the cases. Conclusion Studies with clinical-pathological correlations will be necessary in the near future, in order to provide new therapies that are more effective and conservative, improving the quality of life of patients effected.

Patients with discharge prealbumin ≤15 mg/dL have an higher risk of 6 months morbidity and mortality. The unbalance between protein-energy demands and its availability predicts ominous HF outcome.

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Higher diuretic doses associated strongly and independently with adverse long-term outcome in chronic HF. Possibly, in euvolemic patients, efforts should be made to reduce diuretic dose.

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AimsCardiac cachexia (CC) is a complication of chronic heart failure (CHF). Little is known about the mechanisms leading to CC. Adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin are important regulators of energy metabolism and body weight. Previous studies of CHF and CC had great differences in body mass index (BMI) between cachectic and non-cachectic patients. To assess serum adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin concentrations in cachectic and non-cachectic patients. Methods and resultsWe conducted a case -control study in CHF patients matched for BMI. Cases (n ¼ 33) were cachectic patients with unintentional weight loss of !7.5% of the previous baseline weight. Controls (n ¼ 33) had no history of weight loss and were individually matched with cases for age, sex, and BMI. Cachectic patients had significantly higher adiponectin levels than controls: 25.0 + 12.3 vs. 14.7 + 8.8 mg/mL (P ¼ 0.002). Leptin concentration was lower in the cachectic group: 7.5 (IQR 4.0 -10.8) vs. 8.0 (IQR 7.1 -10.5) ng/mL. Differences in leptin lost significance once adjusted for fat mass. Adiponectin remained higher in cachectics after such adjustment. Ghrelin was not significantly different between groups. Adiponectin correlated positively with weight loss and BNP. ConclusionCachexia in CHF was associated with an increase in adiponectin, irrespective of BMI. This suggests a role of adiponectin in the wasting process of cachectic patients.--