Seven hundred and sixty-eight adolescents from five countries and regions (USA, Spain, Hong Kong, Qatar, and Malaysia), aged 13-19 (M = 15.78; SD = 1.28) years, responded to a questionnaire designed to determine who was their most admired famous adult or hero. Male heroes clearly outnumbered admired females (73.3% vs. 26.7%). There was a pattern of same-sex choices, but it was more likely for girls to choose male heroes than for boys to choose females. Over half of the admired adults were athletes, and movie, television, and music stars. Regarding the personally known adults, there was a more balanced choice of males and females, with parents as the most frequent choice. Results suggest that society continues to fail in providing an adequate supply of female role models.A clear example of society's bias towards males is adolescents' preference of male heroes and masculine attributes over female ones. It is possible that this preference even serves to perpetuate this inequality over the decades. It was suggested in the earlier studies that society presented mostly males as exemplars of human excellence and achievement and therefore it was understandable that youth would turn to men as their primary source of heroes (Darrah 1898).In recent years, the number of women joining the workplace has increased and improvements in the closing of the gender gap have been reported. Furthermore, modernisation has brought about drastic changes in the ways young people around the world access information, which is now far from the traditional linear model of direct transmission. Given these societal changes, it is worth exploring if adolescents' choice of heroes is moving towards greater equality alongside other societal changes. Specifically, we will examine if (a) adolescents' choice of heroes and admired adults continues to show an imbalance in favour of male figures; (b) admired characteristics in heroes and personally known adults reflect gender-based social attributes; and (c) there are cross-cultural differences in hero choices and hero attributes.
Este trabajo presenta la descripción, evaluación y tratamiento de un estudio de caso sobre un trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. Se trata de un adolescente de 16 años aquejado de un elevado malestar emocional debido a numerosas preocupaciones. Se realiza una evaluación con diferentes instrumentos y fuentes informantes que permiten el diagnóstico y la delimitación de las variables más relevantes. Tras la evaluación realizada se implementa un proceso de intervención multicomponente que integra diferentes técnicas y estrategias de carácter cognitivo, emocional, conductual e interpersonal. Los resultados reflejan cambios sustanciales en la sintomatología que sugieren la adecuación y eficacia de la intervención realizada. Se discute el papel de la preocupación en la ansiedad generalizada, las dificultades y limitaciones de la intervención así como las actuaciones futuras que permitan afianzar los logros alcanzados.
El artículo revisa las polémicas que se han dado en el campo de la psicoterapia. Se enmarcan estas polémicas tanto en los puntos de vista científicos como en la perspectiva de los intereses materiales que afectan a la práctica de la psicoterapia. Se revisan los temas de las eficacia absoluta y diferencial, los hallazgos y los sesgos en la investigación, los factores comunes, la situación de la enseñanza de la psicoterapia y se concluye con algunas recomendaciones para la práctica de la psicoterapia basadas en la investigación.
Se presenta una revisión de los intentos de vinculación de la teoría del Análisis Transaccional con diferentes paradigmas. El trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre el hecho de que todos estos intentos de integración coexistan sin haber supuesto rupturas dentro del cuerpo teórico transaccionalista.
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