Vegetation indices are intended to emphasize the vegetation spectral behavior in relation to the soil and other terrestrial surface targets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetation cover types present in the municipality of Campo Belo do Sul, Brazil, using data from five vegetation indices obtained through satellite images. In order to do so, calculations of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were performed using Quantum Gis software. The generated maps allowed the detection of the different vegetation cover classes, thus the results indicated that there is no specific vegetation index that best represents all the evaluated classes in the study, however, NDVI, EVI, and SAVI had good adjustments in the majority of the thematic classes.

Caatinga is a biome located in Brazilian northeast region well known by the dry forest vegetation. The analyzed area called charcoaling zone has a great suppression of native vegetation to supply the charcoal market. Through the images from the Operational Linescan System sensor of LANDSAT 8, this paper demonstrates, in a spatial-temporal way, the degradation in landscapes of the Caatinga biome and the evaluation of the forest scenario. Thus, it has been possible to evaluate the changes experienced by the vegetation (2013-2016) and to identify the land use patterns and coverage and to quantify them according to the obtained satellite images. Agriculture and the exposed soil represent about 70% of the area, considering the growing of the anthropic area and consequently the emergence of several exposed soil areas. The simulation of the future scenarios was used by modeling with the application DINAMICA EGO, generating projections of the region of the coal for the year of 2019. In addition, the assessment of the forest effacement demonstrates decreased development of the forest and increased levels of exposed soil.

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most fragmented and exploited ecosystems in Brazil. The main impacts of this fragmentation can affect the difficulty of dispersing and locomotion of the biota, the reduction of the genetic flow and the genetic variation and the risk of species extinction. This study aimed to identify, with the support of geotechnologies, possible routes for the implementation of ecological corridors (ECs) that can increase the connectivity among Conservation Units (UCs) in a region of the Atlantic Forest in Northeast Brazil. The study was conducted in the Gurjaú River Hidrographic Basin (GHRB), using as a cartographic basis: a hydrographic and road network, such as UCs, land use and occupation in 2018, and the Digital Topodata Elevation Model of the region under study. Possible routes for the implementation of CEs among five UCs present at GHRB were identified, using the technique of analysis of the minor paths. After data processing, two different routes were executed, with four CEs each. The CEs propose by route 1 add up to an area that reaches 4.60% of the total extension of GHRB, while the CEs propose by route 2, approximately 5.04%. From the results obtained, which concluded that route 1 is the most favorable for the implantation of the CEs, since, the smaller area of implantation and, consequently, less conflict of use and occupation of land, besides approximately 13% of the area in APPs, which facilitates its creation and maintenance.

The second most cultivated plant to a forest range in Brazil is the Pinus elliottii. This paper aims to evaluate the spectral behavior of individuals of Pinus elliottii in the electromagnetic radiation (1st) of the visible and (2nd) the infrared, when submitted to the water deficit. The experiment was conducted in the city of Santa Maria located at the Rio Grande do Sul State. The spectral responses of 10 individuals of Pinus elliottii were observed in different climatic seasons at 24 months of age. To evaluate the spectral behavior a spectroradiometer was used, and the behavior in the 450 to 1700 nm range was analyzed. Five individuals were submitted to water deficit treatment and five were used as controls, remaining in adequate water conditions. The spectral pattern for individuals submitted to water deficit was similar, but a trend of wavelength responses in the region of visible green (577-491 nm) and near-infrared (1100-789 nm) was noticeable. The most evident differences occurred in the fall season when differences in spectral amplitudes are noticeable and significantly different from the rest of the year.

The present work aims to assess the effect of water stress on the reflectance emitted by leaves of Eucalyptus saligna individuals. The design was completely randomized and the study comprised 30 subjects who underwent 5 cycles of drought simulation, 45 days each. Five individuals were submitted to water deficit treatment and five were used as controls, remaining in adequate water conditions. The experiment and data collection were performed in the external facilities of the forest management laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Which it comprised the period from September 2014 to April 2015. Spectral information was collected from 24-month-old tree individuals in adequate water and water stress situations by means of FieldSpec®3 spectroradiometer. Subsequently, the spectral data for the electromagnetic spectrum range from 400 nm to 1700 nm were processed and analyzed. The resulting spectral behavior varied between water stress cycles. In the 450 nm wavelength range, the reflectances ranged from 3.8% to 7.4%, at 550 nm from 7.9% to 14% and at 650 nm from 4.8% to 8.8%. In the near infrared region, in the 900 nm to 1300 nm range, the reflectances ranged from 28% to 62%. The spectral response of E. saligna showed minimal differences when compared to healthy green vegetation, even though it was exposed to water deficit situations. From the information obtained, this research can be used as a parameter for comparative analysis between species belonging to the genus Eucalyptus sp.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi quantificar o teor de taninos (%) presente no lenho de Tectona grandis por Colorimetria. Esse método consiste na comparação da intensidade de cor de soluções com concentrações desconhecidas, com a intensidade de cor de soluções padrões de um determinado elemento ou composto. O lenho foi seco ao ar livre, reduzido e triturado em moinho de facas com peneiras de 2 mm. O método utilizado para determinação de taninos foi o de Folin-Denis. O Coeficiente de Determinação (R²) mostrou que 99,08% das variações ocorridas são explicadas pela equação da reta da regressão linear. Ou seja, o modelo se ajustou bem aos valores observados. A concentração de taninos foi de 3,14%. Recomenda-se novos estudos com a Tectona grandis, envolvendo inclusive outras partes da árvore e outras formas de extração e obtenção do tanino para melhor caracterização dessas substâncias, a fim de se poder fazer inferências mais concretas sobre a sua elevada durabilidade natural, estabilidade dimensional e mecânica, rápido crescimento, densidade, entre outras notórias características.