RESUMOA utilização dos agrotóxicos no Brasil tem trazido sérias consequências, tanto para o meio ambiente como para a saúde do trabalhador rural. Assim, a presente pesquisa objetivou realizar um estudo exploratório afim de investigar se os produtores do Distrito de Cuncas no Município de Barro, Ceará, estão usando os agrotóxicos de forma correta. O trabalho de campo ocorreu nos meses de novembro/2014 e março e abril/2015, onde foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado a 30 agricultores buscando coletar informações socioeconômicas (escolaridade), informações sobre o trabalho agrícola (área cultivada, principais culturas) e informações específicas sobre o uso de agrotóxicos (receituário agronômico, orientação para a manipulação, vestimentas usadas, opiniões sobre o uso de agrotóxicos). Constatou-se que a maior parte dos agricultores não entendem as informações no que diz respeito a bula e receituário agronômico, assim como não armazenam os agrotóxicos de forma correta, não usam equipamento de proteção ambiental e por isso alguns produtores estão contaminados. Concluise que os agricultores não usam os agrotóxicos de forma correta sendo passível de contaminação e consequente problemas de saúde.Palavras-chave: defensivos agrícolas, contaminação, saúde pública.
PERCEPTIONS OF FARMERS ON THE PESTICIDE USE ABSTRACTThe use of pesticides in Brazil has brought serious consequences, both for the environment and for the health of rural workers. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out an exploratory study in order to investigate whether the producers of Cuncas District in Clay County, Ceará, are using pesticides correctly. Fieldwork took place in November/2014 and March and April/2015, which was applied a semi-structured questionnaire to 30 farmers seeking to collect
Schistosomiasis affects million people and its control is widely dependent on a single drug, praziquantel. Computational chemistry has led to the development of new tools that predict molecular properties related to pharmacological potential. We conducted a theoretical study of the imizadole alkaloids of Pilocarpus microphyllus (Rutaceae) with schistosomicidal properties. The molecules of epiisopiloturine, epiisopilosine, isopilosine, pilosine, and macaubine were evaluated using theory models (B3lyp/SDD, B3lyp/6-31+G(d,p), B3lyp/6-311++G(d,p)). Absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions were used to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the alkaloids. After optimization, the molecules were submitted to molecular docking calculations with the purine nucleoside phosphorylase, thioredoxin glutathione reductase, methylthioadenosine phosphorylase, arginase, uridine phosphorylase, Cathepsin B1 and histone deacetylase 8 enzymes, which are possible targets of Schistosoma mansoni. The results showed that B3lyp/6-311++G(d,p) was the optimal model to describe the properties studied. Thermodynamic analysis showed that epiisopiloturine and epiisopilosine were the most stable isomers; however, the epiisopilosine ligand achieved a superior interaction with the enzymes studied in the molecular docking experiments, which corroborated the results of previous experimental studies on schistosomiasis.
The degradation of ibuprofen undergoes a series of elementary reactions, generating different radicals which attack preferentially in the region of the ibuprofen with high electron density.
The progress of developer base into films of terpolymers of norbornene-maleic anhydride and acrylic acid was shown to be a percolation process with a critical site concentration of x(c) ) 0.084, implying that every acrylic acid site in the terpolymer makes 12 monomer units of the polymer water compatible. Using these terpolymers, the dissolution inhibition mechanism for two types of common additives, tert-butyl carboxylate (e.g., cholates, cyclohexanecarboxylates, and malonates) dissolution inhibititors and onium salt photoacid generators (PAG's), were examined. Additionally, the dissolution promotion mechanism of carboxylic acids released from acidolysis of tert-butyl esters was investigated. For a wide range of cholates and other tert-butyl carboxylate derivatives, increasing hydrophobicity is a good predictor of increased dissolution inhibition. The molar dissolution promotion ability of a carboxylic acid increases with increasing number of both carboxyl and hydroxyl ester functional groups. For onium salt PAG's, a decrease in dissolution inhibition occurred when increasing the hydrophobicity and size of counteranions. Rather than being tied to hydrophobicity, large changes of dissolution inhibition in this class of materials appear to correlate with their ability to interact with carboxyl groups.
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