Objective: to discuss the health and disease concepts based on Medical Anthropology. Methods: this is about a critical reflection study. Therefore, was done a critical analysis of modern medical practices and their relationship with the culture. This discussion is based on, mainly, authors' experience in this study and research field and in the literature review. Results: it was discussed the paradigm concept’s and yours developments in health field. Some contributions that the field of Medical Anthropology has brought to the study of the health-disease process. Conclusions: finally, highlighted the importance of a critical perspective and theory based on the various events included in the health-disease and contributions for health professionals. Descriptors: health-disease process; medical anthropology; delivery of health care.
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