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When modelling interregional flows it is standard to identify the origin and destination of a flow with the point of production and consumption. However, the presence of hub-spoke structures or multimodal flows may introduce bias, such as being an additional source for cross-sectional correlation between dyadic flows. The aim of this paper is to model inter-provincial flows within a country (Spain) considering this potential bias using a novel dataset with 50 inter-provincial flows and four transport modes. We then feed this dataset into various specifications of a gravity model that incorporates crosssectional dependence attributable to hub-spoke structures. express their gratitude to the UAM and the Ministry of Education and Science respectively for their generous FPI and FPU scholarships. Much-appreciated comments from various colleagues have served to improve the quality and scope of previous versions of this manuscript. However, any errors herein are entirely the responsibility of the authors. We all want to express our sincere gratitude to J.P. Lesage for gratefully sharing his Matlab routines in www.spatial-econometrics.com , which served as a base for our personal developments. Both investigations were developed in the context of three research projects: the C-intereg Project (www.c-intereg.es), founded by seven Tendance intra-nationale à privilégier le marché intérieur, au niveau des grossistes, de structures en étoile, et des livraisons par des moddes de transport multimodaux RÉSUMÉ lors de la modélisation de flux interrégionaux, la méthode standard consiste à identifier l'origine et la destination d'un flux avec le point de production et la consommation. Toutefois, la présence de structures en étoile ou de flux multimodaux est susceptible de fausser les données, en constituant, par exemple, une source additionnelle de corrélation transversale entre des flux dyadiques. Le but de la présente communication est de modéliser des flux interprovinciaux au sein d'un certain pays (l'Espagne), en tenant compte de ce parti pris potentiel, et en tenant compte d'un nouvel ensemble de données avec cinquante flux interprovinciaux et quatre modes de transport. Nous intégrons ensuite cet ensemble de données dans différentes spécifications d'un modèle à gravité incorporant une dépendance transversale attribuable à une structure en étoile.Favoritismo local intranacional en la presencia de mayoristas, estructuras de interconexión radial y repartos con transporte multimodal RESUMEN al modelar flujos interregionales, es normal determinar el origen y el destino de un flujo con el punto de producción y consumo. Sin embargo, la presencia de estructuras de interconexión radial o flujos multimodales puede dar origen a favoritismos, por ejemplo ser una fuente adicional para la correlación transversal entre flujos diádicos. El objetivo de este estudio es modelar los flujos interprovinciales en un país (España) considerando este posible favoritismo usando un conjunto de datos nuevo con cincuenta flujos interprovinciales y cuatro mo...

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Two principal strands of scholarship analyse the material roots of European Union (EU) discontent. Some focus on the effects of regional decline, while others examine the role of individual socioeconomic factors. This paper brings these two perspectives together. We argue that EU discontent is a multifaceted phenomenon structured by the spatially-rooted interplay between individual and regional material conditions and subjective perceptions. We apply PLS-SEM to Eurobarometer public opinion data (2018–2019) and find that the geographical location and the socioeconomic position shape EU discontent directly. However, material factors’ relevance for EU discontent is the greatest in structuring individual future expectations. Furthermore, democratic dissatisfaction turns out to be a key factor, pointing to the importance of institutional perceptions in the geography of discontent.