This paper is a contribution to the discussion on compiling computational lexical resources from conventional dictionaries. It describes the theoretical as well as practical problems that are encountered when reusing a conventional dictionary for compiling a lexical-semantic resource in terms of a wordnet. More specifically, it describes the methodological issues of compiling a wordnet for Danish, DanNet, from a monolingual basis, and not-as is often seen-by applying the translational expansion method with Princeton WordNet as the English source. Thus, we apply as our basis a large, corpus-based printed dictionary of modern Danish. Using this approach, we discuss the issues of readjusting inconsistent and/or underspecified hyponymy hierarchies taken from the conventional dictionary, sense distinctions as opposed to the synonym sets of wordnets, generating semantic wordnet relations on the basis of sense definitions, and finally, supplementing missing or implicit information.
A Danish corpus, holding 40 million words of general language from the period 1983-92, was designed and compiled by DSL (The Sodety for Danish Language and Literature) in order to selVe as a major source for a new six volume dictionary of contemporary Danish. The corpus includes written and spoken, private and professional, g,eneral and specialised language, and each of the 44 000 text samples is annotated With formalized information on these and other features of linguistic and sodological importance. The resulting multidimensional text type specification is useful for the extraction of (virtual or real) subcorpora and for statistical analyses. Specialized software has been developed for flexible interactive concordancing and analysis. The corpus is currently only accessible at the site of DSL;.nevertheless, several scholars and students have been using it in their research. The experience gained by the staff of DSL is being reused in cooperative language engineering projects within the European Union, and in 1998 a publicly available corpus will be released as an outcome of the PAROLE project.Keywords: CONCORDANCE, COPYRIGHT, CORPUS, DANISH, DICTIONARY, FRE- QUENCY, LANGUAGE ENGINEERING, MUTUAL INFORMATION, SGML, STATISTICS, SUBCORPUS, T-SCORE, lEXT TYPOLOGY, WORD DISTRIBUTIONOpsomming: Die korpus van die Deense Woordeboek. 'n Deense korpus wat 40 miljoen woorde uit die algemene taal van die periode 1983-92 bevat, is ontwerp en saamgestel deur die DSL (The Sodety for Danish Language and Literature) om te dien as 'n primere bron vir die saamstel van 'n nuwe ses-volume woordeboek van hedendaagse Deens. Die korpus sluit geskrewe en gesproke, private en amptelike, algemene en gespesialiseerde taal in, en elk van die 44 000 teksvoorbeelde word voorsien van formele inligting oor hierdie en ander kenmerke van taalkundige en sosiologiese belan~. 'Die geskepte multidimensionele tekstipe spesifikasie is nuttig vir die onttrekking van (virtuele of ware) subkorpora en vir statistiese ontIedings. Gespesialiseerde programmatuur is ontwikkel vir veeldoelige iIlteraktiewe konkordansiebou en ontIeding. AIhoewel die korPus tans slegs toeganklik is by DSL, het verskeie leerlinge en studente dit al gebruik in hulle navorsing. Die elVaring wat opgedoen is deur die personeel van DSL word hergebruik in kooperatiewe taalmanipulasieprojekte binne die Europese Unie, en in 1998 sal 'n korpus wat beskikbaar sal wees aan die publiek, vrygestel word as 'n uitvloeisel van die P AROLE-projek.
In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, wie mithilfe korpuslinguistischer Verfahren Erkenntnisse über den Aufbau von Bedeutungsparaphrasen in Wörterbüchern gewonnen werden können. Diese Erkenntnisse sollen dazu genutzt werden, den Aufbau von Bedeutungsparaphrasen in Wörterbüchern umfassend und systematisch zu beschreiben, z.B. im Hinblick auf eine Optimierung der Bedeutungsparaphrasen für so genannte elektronische Wörterbücher oder für die Extraktion lexikalisch-semantischer Information für NLP-Zwecke.
La crise financière mondiale a révélé plusieurs carences au niveau de la réglementation et de la surveillance financières. Après avoir tiré les principales leçons des crises financières et de la dette souveraine, l'article passe en revue les grandes caractéristiques de l'Union bancaire, en particulier le MSU, et évalue leur efficacité. Il soutient que l'établissement d'une Union bancaire est d'une importance capitale pour s'attaquer à la racine de la crise de la dette souveraine et parachever le projet d'UEM. Après la conclusion des négociations politiques sur le MSU, la BCE est confrontée, à court terme, à un défi majeur, préparer le cadre légal et opérationnel sur lequel reposera une surveillance prudentielle efficace et efficiente des banques au cours des prochaines années. Le MSU devra être complété par la création d'un Mécanisme de résolution unique contrôlé par une Autorité de résolution unique. Enfin, une UEM approfondie devrait s'accompagner de structures de gouvernance et de responsabilité renforcées afin de conserver la confiance des citoyens. Classification JEL : E58, F36, G21, G28.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.