Instanton partition functions of 5d N = 1 gauge theories are Witten indices for the ADHM gauged quantum mechanics with (0, 4) SUSY. We derive the integral contour prescriptions for these indices using the Jeffrey-Kirwan method, for gauge theories with hypermultiplets in various representations. The results can be used to study various 4d/5d/6d QFTs. In this paper, we study 5d SCFTs which are at the UV fixed points of 5d SYM theories. In particular, we focus on the Sp(N ) theories with N f ≤ 7 fundamental and 1 antisymmetric hypermultiplets, living on the D4-D8-O8 systems. Their superconformal indices calculated from instantons all show E N f +1 symmetry enhancements. We also discuss some aspects of the 6d SCFTs living on the M5-M9 system. It is crucial to understand the UV incompleteness of the 5d SYM, coming from small instantons in our problem. We explain in our examples how to fix them. As an aside, we derive the index for general gauged quantum mechanics with (0, 2) SUSY.

We study the index of N = 4 Yang-Mills theory on S 3 × R at large angular momenta. A generalized Cardy limit exhibits macroscopic entropy at large N . Our result is derived using free QFT analysis, and also a background field method on S 3 . The index sets a lower bound on the entropy. It saturates the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of known supersymmetric AdS 5 black holes, thus accounting for their microstates. We further analyze the so-called Macdonald index, exploring small black holes and possibly new black holes reminiscent of hairy black holes. Finally, we study aspects of large supersymmetric AdS 7 black holes, using background field method on S 5 and 't Hooft anomalies.

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Abstract:We study a family of 2d N = (0, 4) gauge theories which describes at low energy the dynamics of E-strings, the M2-branes suspended between a pair of M5 and M9 branes. The gauge theory is engineered using a duality with type IIA theory, leading to the D2-branes suspended between an NS5-brane and 8 D8-branes on an O8-plane. We compute the elliptic genus of this family of theories, and find agreement with the known results for single and two E-strings. The partition function can in principle be computed for arbitrary number of E-strings, and we compute them explicitly for low numbers. We test our predictions against the partially known results from topological strings, as well as from the instanton calculus of 5d Sp(1) gauge theory. Given the relation to topological strings, our computation provides the all genus partition function of the refined topological strings on the canonical bundle over 1 2 K3.

We study the asymptotic behavior of the (modified) superconformal index for 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 gauge theory. By considering complexified chemical potential, we find that the ‘high-temperature limit’ of the index can be written in terms of the conformal anomalies 3c − 2a. We also find macroscopic entropy from our asymptotic free energy when the Hofman-Maldacena bound 1/2 < a/c < 3/2 for the interacting SCFT is satisfied. We study $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 1 theories that are dual to AdS5 × Yp,p and find that the Cardy limit of our index accounts for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of large black holes.

We consider bound states of strings which arise in 6d (1,0) SCFTs that are realized in F-theory in terms of linear chains of spheres with negative selfintersections 1,2, and 4. These include the strings associated to N small E 8 instantons, as well as the ones associated to M5 branes probing A and D type singularities in M-theory or D5 branes probing ADE singularities in Type IIB string theory. We find that these bound states of strings admit (0,4) supersymmetric quiver descriptions and show how one can compute their elliptic genera.

Continuous inertial blood plasma separation is demonstrated in a contraction–expansion array microchannel with a low aspect ratio (AR). The separation cutoff value of the particle size can be controlled by modulation of the force balance between inertial lift and Dean drag forces. The modulation is achieved by changing the channel AR at contraction region, which causes the change in magnitudes of the inertial lift forces on the particles. The presented blood plasma separator provides a level of yield and throughput of 62.2% and 1.2 ml/h(∼1.0×108 cells/min), respectively.

The family of group IV-VI monochalcogenides has an atomically puckered layered structure, and their atomic bond configuration suggests the possibility for the realization of various polymorphs. Here, we report the synthesis of the first hexagonal polymorph from the family of group IV-VI monochalcogenides, which is conventionally orthorhombic. Recently predicted four-atomic-thick hexagonal GeSe, so-called γ-GeSe, is synthesized and clearly identified by complementary structural characterizations, including elemental analysis, electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging, and polarized Raman spectroscopy.The electrical and optical measurements indicate that synthesized γ-GeSe exhibits high electrical conductivity of 3×10 5 S/m, which is comparable to those of other two-dimensional layered semimetallic crystals. Moreover, γ-GeSe can be directly grown on h-BN substrates, demonstrating a bottom-up approach for constructing vertical van der Waals heterostructures incorporating γ-GeSe. The newly identified crystal symmetry of γ-GeSe warrants further studies on various physical properties of γ-GeSe. ASSOCIATED CONTENT Supporting Information. The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website. Extra data on the synthesized products, extra EDX mapping data, extra SAED/STEM analysis data along various zone axes, polarized Raman spectra, and extra electronic bandstructure calculations, synthesis and characterizations of vertical γ-GeSe/hBN heterostructures, Raman shift calculations, and γ-GeSe crystallographic information file.