Judgment on the sustainable development of energy systems, including nuclear, should be based on the results of thorough, comprehensive, and unbiased assessment. To minimize the influence of human factors on assessment results, a systematic methodological approach for the evaluation of the sustainability of nuclear energy systems has been developed in the IAEA INPRO section based on the experience acquired in different countries. The methodology comprises several areas of a nuclear energy system (NES) assessment including the area of waste management. In this area it defines three major issues relevant to sustainability and the nine corresponding criteria to be used as assessment tools. Assessment of sustainability in the area of waste management is a part of the holistic system assessment to be performed to make reasonable judgments on sustainability.
A test molecule Monte Carlo simulation algorithm was devised and tested to compute near equilibrium transitional flow and resulting mass flux on complex surface geometries. The results agreed, within the calculated statistical error of the simulation, with known analytical solutions at the free molecular limit, and gave satisfactory agreement near the continuum limit, when compared to a diffusion model with slip boundary conditions. The effects of the Knudsen number on dimensionless mass exchange factors are considered for slip flow in an aperture geometry. A variety of surface outgassing and surface adsorption-migration kinetics models can be mated with the test molecule simulation to compute surface deposition values. A multimolecular layer model with two -neighbor migration is considered as one such alternative for surface adsorption -migration kinetics. Calculations of surface deposition for heavy chain oil molecules, known as DC -704, are compared to experimental data, showing good agreement. This kinetic model can serve as a boundary condition when computing the exchange of mass among various surfaces.
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