Security in the housing is considered as one of the most important things in the fulfillment of occupant’s needs. However, there are still many cases of criminality that still occur in urban housing. Defensible space is a concept of residential environment design that is able to prevent crime. Through literature study methods, field observations, and interviews, this paper discusses how defensible space is created in urban housing in Indonesia as well as its effect on the quality of security created between two different types of organic dwellings in Bogor City. The explanation starts from the identification of physical characteristics that create territoriality, natural surveillance, image, and milieu. Then, the social and physical condition are associated with their effects on people’s behaviors. The result of our discovery is that physical and social conditions create the whole defensible space condition. In the middle-class urban housing, the environment condition still opens the opportunity for the criminals to commit the crime because the defensible space is not created as a whole. Contrarily, this is created in the lower-class urban housing as a whole. Therefore, the environment condition is free from any crime.

Jakarta has been experiencing rapid urbanization and severe housing shortage, especially for the under privileged. This condition breeds slum, or kampong in Indonesia, as solution to provide affordable housing. In the absence of right of ownership, as the basis of objective secure tenure, kampong dwellers have been delivering self-help house improvements. It proves subjective tenure security, as alternative of objective tenure security, encourages self-help housing. The research aims are identifying the general condition of landownership, the other factors of subjective tenure security that become impediment of land titling program and its implication to house condition in Kampong Cikini, Jakarta, as the research area. The information was obtained from 79 respondents by utilizing snowball technique sampling. The findings indicated only small numbers of respondents obtained right of ownership, while most of respondents claimed landownership based on documents that referred to colonial, customary and religion laws. It described inadequate knowledge of the land regulation of kampong dwellers, following by expensive and complicated procedure, as the impediment of land titling program. Escalating land price, kampong improvements programs and support from political parties become other factors that strengthen subjective tenure security which encourage self-help house improvements. This research is not only complemented the existing theory of subjective tenure security but also demonstrated how the intricate tenure security and its implication to self-help housing improvements in kampong settlement. It will useful on refining the the new implemented intervention to improve kampong without degrading formal land titling program.

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Gated communities (GCs) have been demonized as a malicious form of urban segregation because they provide a secure neighbourhood and exclusive facilities. The objective of the Indonesian government policy related to balanced housing is to create mixed-income housing in order to foster interaction between social classes in neighbourhoods and reduce the alarming social gap. This study seeks to validate the occurrence of social interaction among different economic strata in a mixed-income GC. To understand social interaction among its residents, the reasons why residents from different economic strata selected their housing are examined. The research methodology includes a post-occupancy evaluation in a mixed-income GC in Cibubur, West Java, Indonesia, an area known for its high quality neighbourhoods and facilities. This study identifies security as a major housing preference factor for many people living in a mixed-income GC. However, the reduced exclusivity of such facilities decreases their usage frequency, giving rise to trans-cluster social interaction within the same class. This finding contradicts the objective of the balanced housing policy because the residents interact with others in a similar social class beyond the segregated walls of the housing clusters.

The massive flood of urbanization implicates the shortage of affordable housing for low-income people in the big cities, especially in Jakarta. To live and survive in Jakarta, the kampung kota becomes the housing solution rather than problems, due to its ability in providing low-cost housing. While it solves the affordability and the proximity to job location issues, this type of settlement is responsible for several wicked problems to its dwellers, such as space scarcity. Additionally, it creates inevitable health and social problems. In order to overcome these ever-growing problems, the dwellers develop an adaptable social system, which takes form as a spatial extension in the alley for domestic and social activities. This paper takes Gang Kingkit (Central Jakarta) as one of the high-density kampung kota settlements to examine the type of spatial extension and how dwellers produce it. Through in-depth interview and direct observation, we discover that there is a social system which allows several types of spatial extension to emerge simultaneously or reciprocally in public space. The social systems are embedded and manifested in the distinctive spatial system, which effectively minimizes the problems of living in kampung kota.

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The number of Betawi families, known as the native tribe of Jakarta, in the capital city is decreasing due to massive urbanization. The fierce economic competition with the resilient migrants has purged them to the suburban Jakarta. In order to live in Jakarta and close to their current job locations, transforming the inherited multi-generational family house to co-residence becomes the favorable option. This paper aims to examine the co-residence as a housing strategy of Betawi families to live in Jakarta. There are certain adjustments in determining the strategy of living together, especially with a lot of relatives. Qualitative research method with in-depth interviews and longitudinal through direct observations were delivered to investigate and discover the meticulous the process of transformations throughout the years. These Betawi families have been living the residences since the 1980s, and both have numerous core family from various generation. This type of living, co-residence, need some strategies such as expanding new spaces, shared spaces and merger-separation of the clean-dirty water and electric channel. Based on the selected two houses of Betawi families in Cengkareng, West Jakarta, this paper poses the argument that co-residence is not only the housing strategy for Betawi families to live in Jakarta but also generating extra incomes to the family as it provides rent rooms for migrants.