Palabras clave: albura, duramen, industria de madera, Scolytinae, Bostrichidae, Lyctidae, manejo de maderas.Keywords: sapwood, heartwood, wood industries, Scolytinae, Bostrichidae, Lyctidae, wood management. RESUMENLos organismos xilófagos y xilomicetófagos pueden causar un gran deterioro a las maderas. En este estudio se determinó la presencia y se identificaron los insectos que atacan las 13 maderas más comercializadas en el Valle de Aburrá, se determinaron cuáles son los que generan los mayores daños y se identificó el tejido de la madera más atacado. Así mismo, se realizaron observaciones sobre el manejo y las condiciones de almacenamiento de las maderas en 27 industrias madereras en las que se inspeccionaron 426 muestras. Los más insectos comunes y de mayor importancia fueron Scolytinae y Bostrichidae. En el 41% de las muestras analizadas fue posible identificar el tejido de la madera atacado y aun cuando todas las especies estudiadas presentaron ataques, no se extrajeron muestras de insectos de todas ellas. En general se observaron deficiencias en la manipulación y el almacenamiento de las maderas en las industrias visitadas, lo cual puede aumentar el impacto de los agentes de deterioro. ABSTRACTXylophagous and xylomicetophagous insects can cause serious deterioration of timber. The insects attacking the thirteen most traded timbers in the Valle de Aburrá were identified and their presence was confirmed. Insects causing most of the damage were determined and the wood tissue most attacked was characterized. Comments on the handling and storage conditions of the wood were recorded in 27 wood industries visited and 426 wood samples were inspected. The most important and most common insects found belong to the Scolytinae and Bostrichidae subfamilies. In addition, the most attacked wood tissue was identified in 41% of the samples. Even though all species studied showed traces of damage caused by insects, insect samples were not recovered from each wood sample. In general, there were deficiencies in wood handling and storage at the visited industries, which may increase the impact of decay agents.

Con el objetivo de determinar la riqueza y composición de los insectos fitófagos asociados a plantaciones de aguacate para la región Caribe colombiana, se realizaron estudios de campo en los tres principales núcleos productivos: Montes de María (MM), Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) y Serranía del Perijá (SP). El trabajo se realizó en 78 fincas, abarcando 26 municipios de muestreo. Para la captura de insectos fitófagos se utilizó el método de captura manual a nivel de planta y se instalaron trampas de luz color blanco y trampas atrayentes tipo Ecoiapar a nivel de parcelas. Con los datos obtenidos se construyeron curvas de acumulación de especies, análisis Multi Response Permutation Procedure (MRPP) para determinar diferencias en la composición de especies y análisis de especies indicadoras por núcleo productor. Se identificaron 42 especies de insectos fitófagos, agrupadas en siete órdenes y 12 familias. Los grupos taxonómicos más frecuentes fueron termitas (Blattodea: Isoptera), escamas (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) y barrenadores de ramas (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Se registró entre el 63,4 % y el 84,2 % de la riqueza de especies esperada por núcleo productivo según los estimadores Chao-2 y Jacknife-1. La mayor riqueza de especies se obtuvo en SP (30 especies), seguido de MM (26 especies) y SNSM (16 especies). El análisis MRPP detectó diferencias significativas en la composición de especies entre núcleos productivos (p ≤ 0,05). Las especies Nasutitermes sp. para MM, Xylosandrus morigerus para SNSM y Atta sp. para SP obtuvieron valores de indicador que difirieron de los esperados al azar.

The genus Mesostenus Gravenhorst has sixty one described species worldwide. A new species, Mesostenus hypsipylaphagous Herrera-Florez, sp. n. is described and its host given. This is the first record of Mesostenus from Colombia.

2018) First report of Zethus schadei (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) as natural enemy of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Colombia. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), 34, 1−3. ABSTRACT. Zethus schadei Bohart & Stange is reported for the first time for Colombia and as a natural enemy of Hypsipyla grandella. The specimens were obtained from terminal shoots of Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae) in a plantation in the municipality of San Roque, Antioquia, Colombia.

The eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus spp. are a pest of Eucalyptus stands in the world causing serious economic loses. Gonipterus platensis (Figure 1) was ¬rst reported in Antioquia (Colombia) in 2016, by the Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario –ICA (ICA, 2016), threatening more than 60.000 ha planted with eucalyptus around the country. Classical biological control of these species has worked in some countries using the egg parasitoids Anaphes nitens (Girault) and Anaphes inexpectatus Huber & Prinsloo, 1990 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and complemented with di erent natural enemies (NE) in some countries (Nascimento et al. 2017). A. nitens had been reported with high e cency ¬nding G. scutellatus egg masses reaching a parasitism rate of 80–100% of eggs in North west Spain (Rivera et al. 1999). It is necessary to know Gonipterus platensis NE, including the presence of A. nitens and A. inexpectatus, in local conditions so integrated pest management programs could be designed. This is the ¬rst survey of the NE for G. platensis in Colombia.

Cedrela odorata is one of the most important commercial Neotropical forestry species, harvested mainly from natural forest, what have taken the species to danger of extinction. Its commercial plantation is limited by Hypsipyla grandella attacks, which could reach 100% of individuals in a forest plantation (Figure 1). Inverse relation of available calcium concentration in the soil for C. odorata and attacks of H. grandella had been reported (da Silva et al., 2009). Some studies indicate that calcium and boron addition to the soil has a positive e ect in height growth of Swietenia macrophylla (da Silva Junior et al., 2014); nevertheless, some studies suggest that when growth is high there is an increase in attack probability (Newton et al., 1993). Then some clarity on this subject is required.

The eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus spp. are a pest of eucalyptus worldwide (Figure 1). Gonipterus platensis was rst reported in Colombia in 2016, threatening and causing economic losses in more than 60.000 ha of Eucalyptus spp. planted in the country. Classical biological control of these species has been e ective in some countries with Anaphes nitens (Girault) and A. inexpectatus Huber & Prinsloo, 1990 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), and complemented with di erent natural enemies (NE) (Nascimento et al. 2017).

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