Commercial grapevine fruit (Vitis vinifera) of the Red Globe variety were collected in vineyards from Vale do São Francisco lower basin, an area of occurrence of grapevine bacterial canker. Seeds were extracted, classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic and processed in order to be observed under light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with silver-enhanced immunogold labeling, to allow bacterial detection using a policlonal antibody against Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola (Xcvi), etiological agent of the disease. The seed samples showed bacterial aggregates associated to the tegument surface and to the first parenchymal layer beneath the seed tegument. Bacterial identity was confirmed by immunogold labeling. This appears to be the first report of Xcvi associated to asymptomatic seeds and berries, suggesting a systemic mechanism to spread and colonize different tissues and sites, driving attention to seeds, presenting them as an important niche for survival and dissemination of this pathogen. These results point towards the need of including seed-bearing fruit in studies regarding Xcvi epidemiology.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi a produção de anticorpos policlonais contra Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola e sua caracterização pelo método Elisa indireto. Os resultados apontaram a qualidade dos anticorpos policlonais produzidos, os quais mostraram-se altamente reativos e específicos para o patovar com potencial para ser empregado no diagnóstico da doença e em programas de certificação.Termos para indexação: Vitis vinifera, cancro bacteriano, diagnose. Production and characterization of polyclonal antibodies against Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticolaAbstract -The objective of this work was to produce polyclonal antibodies against Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola and characterize these antibodies through Elisa serological indirect method. Results indicate that polyclonal antibodies produced were highly reactive against bacterial cells, showing specificity at the pathovar level and potential to be used for diagnosis and certification purposes.
RESUMOObjetivou-se, nesta pesquisa, avaliar a eficiência de substratos e doses de adubação sobre o crescimento e teores foliares de nutrientes de híbridos de orquídeas do gênero Phalaenopsis. O estudo constou de dois experimentos conduzidos em substrato com fibra de coco industrializada (Sub 1) e não industrializada (Sub 2), em mistura com casca de Pinus e brita zero (1:1:1 v/v/v), em delineamento de blocos casualizados. O primeiro experimento, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo (06 e 12 meses), com cinco repetições, avaliou o híbrido RJ 343, nos dois substratos, sob quatro doses de adubo mineral (0; 0,9; 1,2; 1,5 g L -1 ) e dois tratamentos adicionais [aplicação foliar de Aminon ® (0,5 ml L -1 ) na dose de 1,2 g L -1 , no Sub 1 e Sub 2]. O segundo avaliou o híbrido RJ 84-2, nos dois substratos, com as mesmas doses de adubo mineral e aplicação foliar de Aminon ® (0 e 0,5 ml L -1 ), em esquema de parcelas subsubsubdivididas no tempo (6 e 12 meses), com três repetições. Avaliaram-se número de folhas, área foliar, área superficial de raízes, massa seca de folhas, raízes e total, e teores foliares de N, P e K. O Aminon ® não teve efeito sobre o crescimento dos híbridos. O aumento da adubação promoveu aumento de crescimento, exceto de raízes, sendo o maior crescimento observado sob a dose de 1,5 g L -1 de adubo mineral. O Sub 2 promoveu maior crescimento das plantas do híbrido RJ 343, enquanto o Sub 1 promoveu maior crescimento do híbrido RJ 84-2.Termos para indexação: Phalaenopsis, fertilizantes, nutrição mineral. ABSTRACTThe research objective was to evaluate the efficiency of substrates and fertilization levels on the growth and leaf nutrient contents of orchid hybrids of the genus Phalaenopsis. The study consisted of two experiments in carried out with industrialized coconut fiber (Sub 1) and non-industrialized coconut fiber (Sub 2), in mixture with Pinus bark and grade zero gravel (1:1:1 v/v/v) in randomized blocks. The first experiment in a split-plot scheme in time (6 and 12 months) with five replications, evaluated the hybrid RJ 343, in both substrates, under four levels of mineral fertilizer (0; 0.9; 1.2; 1.5 g L -1 ) and two additional treatments [leaf application of Aminon ® (0.5 ml L -1 ) at 1.2 g L -1 , in Sub1 and Sub 2]. The second one evaluated the hybrid RJ 84-2, in both substrates, with the same mineral fertilizer levels and leaf application of Aminon ® (0 e 0.5 ml L -1 ), in a split-split-split plot scheme in time (6 and 12 months) with three replications. The number of leaves, leaf area, superficial root area, leaf, root and total dry weight, and N, P and K leaf contents were evaluated. Aminon ® had no effect on the growth of the hybrids. Increase in fertilization led to increased growth, except for roots, with greater growth being observed at 1.5 g L -1 of mineral fertilizer. The Sub 2 caused greater growth of plants of the hybrid RJ 343, whereas the Sub 1 led to greater growth of the hybrid RJ 84-2.
Avaliou-se a ação ativadora do acibenzolar-S-methyl (aSm) na indução de resistência à murcha-bacteriana do tomateiro, causada por Ralstonia solanacearum. Plantas das cultivares Santa Clara, Diana e AF-2573, receberam sete aplicações semanais do aSm (2,5 g i.a./100 L água), via pulverização foliar ou rega, iniciando-se 14 dias após a semeadura. Com 32 dias de idade, as mudas foram transplantadas para solo infestado com R. solanacearum, onde receberam outras quatro aplicações semanais do ativador, enquanto no tratamento-controle aplicou-se apenas água. Através de avaliações diárias do número de folhas e plantas murchas calcularam-se os valores da área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença. Sintomas de murcha evoluíram mais vagarosamente nas três cultivares quando as plantas foram pulverizadas com o aSm. Esse efeito foi significativo até a quarta semana do transplantio para solo infestado com R. solanacearum.
O trabalho objetivou otimizar um protocolo de enraizamento in vitro durante a micropropagação de cultivares de gérbera. Foram testadas três cultivares de gérbera (‘Pacific’, ‘Igloo’, ‘Igor’) em DIC fatorial 3x2x2, sendo três concentrações de ANA (0; 2,68 e 5,36 µmol L-1), duas concentrações de sais do meio MS (50% e 100%) e duas concentrações de sacarose (15 e 30 g L-1), com 10 repetições e a unidade experimental um frasco com 30 mL de meio e cinco plantas. Foi utilizado o meio MS, contendo 7,5 g L-1 de ágar e pH ajustado para 5,8. Após 30 dias foram contabilizados o número de folhas, o número de raízes e a massa fresca das mudas. O tratamento com 5,36 µmol L-1 de ANA + 100% de MS + 30 g L-1 de sacarose resultou em maior massa fresca, entretanto as mudas apresentaram-se com massas de calos na base, raízes mais espessas e em menor número. Provavelmente, o que resultou em maior ganho de biomassa, porém de tamanho menor que as mudas dos outros tratamentos. Recomenda-se para enraizamento in vitro de gérberas, meio MS completo com 30 g L-1 de sacarose e ausência de ANA.
Gerbera is used as a cut flower and has gained popularity as ornamental flower and great demand in the world market for ornamental plants. Micropropagation is used to meet the demand for commercial planting material. The objective was to evaluate the BAP and ANA phytoregulators effect gerberas in vitro multiplication. The explants were inoculated in MS culture medium containing different concentrations of BAP (0.0; 2.22; 4.44; 8.88 and 17.76 µmol L-1) and ANA (0.0; 1.34; 2.68 and 5.36 µmol L-1). After eight weeks, the number of shoots formed in each explant and the average length of the shoots were evaluated. Was possible to establish and recommend an ideal concentration of BAP and ANA for each gerbera genotype.
The physiological and phytosanitary qualities of common bean seeds used on a small farming system depend on the cultural practices, drying system and storage conditions employed. The objective of this work was to evaluate eight lots of common bean seeds using germination, vigor and phytosanitary tests. The lots were produced in 2005 and 2006 in "Zona da Mata", Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and analyzed for moisture content, germination quality, first germination count, seedling vigor, seedling emergence, electric conductivity, seedling dry weight, seedling length, hypochlorite test and blotter test. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The mean seed moisture content from all lots was 8.4 %. Four lots were classified as high vigor, one as intermediate vigor and three lots as low vigor. The first germination count and electrical conductivity tests were the best for evaluating bean seed physiological quality. All seed lots were infested by fungi, mainly Alternaria, Cladosporium and Fusarium.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2023 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.