AimsTo determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and associated factors in an adolescent sample from Recife, Brazil.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 1342 adolescents aged 10–17 years. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) was used by calibrated examiners to evaluate the presence and levels of chronic pain. To evaluate the socioeconomic conditions, the subjects answered the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB) questionnaire. Data were analyzed by means of binary logistic regression in SPSS.ResultsThe results showed that 33.2% of the subjects had TMD irrespective of age (p = 0.153) or economic class (p = 0.653). Statistically significant associations were found between TMD and female gender (p = 0.017), headache/migraine in the past six months (p<0.001), chronic pain (p<0.001) and chronic pain level (p<0.001). In the final model, logistic regression showed that the level of chronic pain and the headache/migraine in the past six months were related to the presence of TMD.ConclusionsThe prevalence of TMD was considered high (33.2%) and adolescents with chronic pain and headache in the past six months were more likely to have TMD.Clinical relevanceThe data contribute to the understanding of TMD among adolescents and to the development of preventive measures and polices to identify the dysfunction promptly.
2 Objectives: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and associated factors in an 3 adolescent sample from Recife, Brazil. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted 4 with 1342 adolescents aged 10-17 years. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular 5 Disorder (RDC/TMD) was used by calibrated examiners to evaluate the presence and levels of chronic 6 pain. To evaluate the socioeconomic conditions, the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB)7questionnaire was answered by the subjects. Data were analyzed by means of binary logistic regression in 8 SPSS. Results: The results showed that 33.2% of the subjects had TMD irrespective of age (p= 0.137) or 9 economic class (p=0.507). Statistically significant associations were found between TMD and gender (p= 10 0.020), headache/migraine in the past six months (p=0,000) and the presence of chronic pain (p=0,000). In 11 final model, logistic regression showed that chronic pain contributes to the presence of TMD. Conclusions: 12The prevalence of TMD was considered high (33.2%) and adolescents with chronic pain were more likely 13 to have TMD. Clinical Relevance: The data contribute to the understanding of TMD among adolescents 14 and to the development of preventive measures and polices to identify the dysfunction promptly. 15 16 17 19 temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles and associated structures occasionally occur in 20 infants, children and adolescents. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a collective term for a group of 21 musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that include several clinical signs and symptoms, such as 22 pain, headache, TMJ sounds, TMJ locking and ear pain [1], involving the muscles of mastication, the TMJ 23 and associated structures [2]. 24 The prevalence of TMD in adolescents has been reported in recent studies showing a percentage 25 of 9.0% to 48.7%, evaluated by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders 3 38 with poorer oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria 39 (CCEB) was developed by the Brazilian Association of Research Companies [23] for population 40classification into groups according to economic class. This classification is based on the possession of 41 goods and not based on family income, scores vary from zero (the poorest) to 46 (the richest). 42The cumulative effect of muscle activities increases the likelihood of presenting painful TMD [24]. 43Prolonged masticatory muscle pain is likely to become a chronic condition, and continuous pain may 44 eventually produce chronic centrally mediated myalgia [25]. Through evaluation of adolescents diagnosed 45 with moderate to severe TMD, a higher level of electromyographic activity was found in the masseter and 46 temporal muscles at rest and during chewing [26]. Recent findings have suggested that prepubertal children 47 with high levels of sedentary behavior, low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and low body fat content may 48 have increa...
The aim of this study was to construct a predictive model that uses classification tree statistical analysis to predict the occurrence of temporomandibular disorder, by dividing the sample into groups of high and low risk for the development of the disease. The use of predictive statistical approaches that facilitate the process of recognizing and/or predicting the occurrence of temporomandibular disorder is of interest to the scientific community, for the purpose of providing patients with more adequate solutions in each case. This was a cross-sectional analytical population-based study that involved a sample of 776 individuals who had sought medical or dental attendance at the Family Health Units in Recife, PE, Brazil. The sample was submitted to anamnesis using the instrument Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The data were inserted into the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0 and analyzed by the Pearson Chi-square test for bivariate analysis, and by the classification tree method for the multivariate analysis. Temporomandibular disorder could be predicted by orofacial pain, age and depression. The high-risk group was composed of individuals with orofacial pain, those between the ages of 25 and 59 years and those who presented depression. The low risk group was composed of individuals without orofacial pain. The authors were able to conclude that the best predictor for temporomandibular disorder was orofacial pain, and that the predictive model proposed by the classification tree could be applied as a tool for simplifying decision making relative to the occurrence of temporomandibular disorder.
There is evidence of the correlation between TMD and ED, but their comorbidity must be better understood. The presence of depressive symptoms is an aggravating factor that must also be taken into account during the diagnosis and treatment of those patients.
IntroduçãoA disfunção da articulação temporomandibular (DTM) consiste em um conjunto de patologias que acometem a ATM, os músculos mastigatórios e estruturas adjacentes. Sua etiologia é multifatorial e está relacionada com fatores estruturais, neuromusculares ou oclusais, tendo como principal consequência a dor orofacial.Material e MétodosRealizar um modelo preditivo que utiliza a análise estatística de árvore de classificação para predizer a ocorrência de disfunção temporomandibular, dividindo a amostra em grupos de alto e baixo risco para o desenvolvimento da doença. Foi realizado a partir de um estudo transversal analítico de base populacional que envolveu uma amostra de 776 indivíduos que procuraram atendimento médico ou odontológico nas Unidades de Saúde da Família de Recife, PE, Brasil. A amostra foi submetida à anamnese por meio do instrumento Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Os dados foram inseridos no software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0 e analisados pelo teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para análise bivariada e pelo método de árvore de classificação para análise multivariada.ResultadosO distúrbio temporomandibular pode ser previsto através da árvore de decisão por dor orofacial, idade e depressão. As regras de classificação resultantes da representação da árvore foram os seguintes: se o indivíduo não apresentava dor orofacial, então a probabilidade de ocorrência de DTM seria de 17,6% e isso se fez não depende de outras variáveis (primeiro nó terminal). Se o indivíduo teve dor orofacial, então a previsão de DTM era de 47%, e também dependia da idade. Se a idade fosse a partir de 15 a 24 anos ou a partir de 60 ou mais, a probabilidade era de 33,1% e não dependia de outra característica. Mas se a idade variou de 25 a 59 anos, a probabilidade de ter a DTM seria de 51,9% e também dependeria de depressão. Se o sujeito não fosse depressivo, a probabilidade de DTM seria de 40,3%, porém se o indivíduo tivesse depressão, a probabilidade de DTM seria de 55,1%. O poder global de predição da árvore foi de 0,682; essa é a árvore prever corretamente em 68,2% das vezes.ConclusãoOs autores puderam concluir que o melhor preditor para a disfunção temporomandibular foi a dor orofacial e que o modelo preditivo proposto pela árvore de classificação pode ser aplicado como ferramenta para simplificar a tomada de decisão em relação à ocorrência de disfunção temporomandibular.
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