Prevalence of TMD and level of chronic pain in a group of Brazilian adolescents

Abstract

AimsTo determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and associated factors in an adolescent sample from Recife, Brazil.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 1342 adolescents aged 10–17 years. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) was used by calibrated examiners to evaluate the presence and levels of chronic pain. To evaluate the socioeconomic conditions, the subjects answered the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB) questionnaire. Data were analyzed by means of binary logistic regression in SPSS.ResultsThe results showed that 33.2% of the subjects had TMD irrespective of age (p = 0.153) or economic class (p = 0.653). Statistically significant associations were found between TMD and female gender (p = 0.017), headache/migraine in the past six months (p<0.001), chronic pain (p<0.001) and chronic pain level (p<0.001). In the final model, logistic regression showed that the level of chronic pain and the headache/migraine in the past six months were related to the presence of TMD.ConclusionsThe prevalence of TMD was considered high (33.2%) and adolescents with chronic pain and headache in the past six months were more likely to have TMD.Clinical relevanceThe data contribute to the understanding of TMD among adolescents and to the development of preventive measures and polices to identify the dysfunction promptly.

Evaluation of Temporomandibular Disorders Among Dental Students of Saudi Arabia Using Diagnostic Criteria/temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and Its Association With Biographic, Academic, and Psychosocial Parameters – A Cross-sectional Study

“…The present study was carried out on dental undergraduate students of Saudi Arabia. The majority of the studies had done in the past have used self-reported symptoms/questionnaires [28,29] or RDC/TMD [8,15], whereas the present study has an edge over others since we evaluated symptoms along with clinical examination using DC/TMD. Since TMD considerably affects daily functions, its early diagnosis, prevention, and therapeutic management are deemed necessary.…”

“…Initially, the cause of these conditions was considered as the biological component such as occlusion and its related disturbances [7]. With further research, studies have pointed the involvement of the psychological state of the patient [8]. At present, the bio-psychosocial model is considered as the most accepted concept that explains the complexity of the TMD [9].…”

“…In this system, the axis-I was made to assess the biological component and axis-II was designed to assess the psychological aspect. This is considered as the gold standard for evaluating TMD [3].Earlier, studies employed RDC/TMD to evaluate the prevalence of TMD [8,15,16]. Later, the evaluating criterion was replaced with DC/TMD and studies were carried out in varied populations across different countries [13,14,17].…”

“…Later, the evaluating criterion was replaced with DC/TMD and studies were carried out in varied populations across different countries [13,14,17]. A common observation made in the past studies was the preponderance of TMD among females and in the younger age groups [2,8,9,15]. Previous studies have also pointed out the higher prevalence of TMD in university students, especially medical and dental undergraduates [13,14,18,19].…”

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Palmitoylethanolamide for the Treatment of Pain in Arthrogenic Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction and Related Disorders

“…A-TMD has considerable global prevalence and accounts for a high proportion of socioeconomic costs, which are typically related with other psychological disorders, such as depression, [4,5]. A-TMD is a growing public health concern due to its debilitating repercussions on essential orofacial functions such as mastication, speaking and swallowing, [6], which in amalgamation with psychological comorbidities can ultimately impede patient quality of life.…”