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Preharvest bagging with different wavelength-selective materials affected mango development and quality. Bagging mangoes with VM and V materials could reduce peel defects and diseases, increase weight, size, and sphericity, improve peel appearance, and shorten the development periods of mangoes. The results suggest a favorable practice using the newly developed VM and V plastic bags in the production of mangoes, and possibly other fruits as well.

Films of polypropylene (PP)/SiO 2 , PP/ZnO and PP/SiO 2 -ZnO nanocomposites have been prepared. SiO 2 and ZnO were prepared by the sol-gel method and mixed with dispersant (Efka) and coupling agent (thiocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane) before being introduced to melted PP in an internal mixer. The transmission of UV, visible light and NIR radiation of the nanocomposite films was less than that of the PP films. Efka and silane made the film clearer to all rays since they hindered the particle agglomeration. PP/ZnO film had a unique property as it blocked UV while transmitted visible light better than PP/SiO 2 . The modulus of PP mixed with metal oxide increased whereas the elongation to break decreased, indicating that the metal oxides increased the film strength and brittleness. The PP/SiO 2 gave higher tensile strength and modulus than the PP/ZnO due to the greater hardness of SiO 2 . The silane improved the tensile strength and modulus of PP/SiO 2 .

The effectiveness of an innovative antimicrobial LAE-coated PLA film against foodborne pathogens was demonstrated. Importantly, the application of the LAE to form the LAE-coated PLA film can be customized within current film manufacturing lines.

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To achieve a proper dispersion of nano-particles polymer matrix and to yield a better compatibility between the nano-particles and polymeric material, the use of different coupling agents for surface modification of nano-particle is recommended. In this research, surface of TiO2 was modified by hydrolytic condensation of titanium isopropoxide with three different silane coupling agents, hexadecyl trimethoxysilane (HTMS), triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) and aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APS). The grafting of silane coupling agents on the TiO2 nano-particles surface was characterized using TGA and FTIR techniques. Mechanical properties of polyethylene composite films were evaluated via tensile strength measurement. Surface morphology of the particle was studied by SEM and TEM. The result showed that surface treatment TiO2 nano-particles with TEVS could improve dispersibility of TiO2 and showed the optimum mechanical properties.

Biodegradable of polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) and polybutylene succinate (PBS), which were biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, composite films were contained with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of bidegradable composite films for toluene removal. The synthesized TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method between titanium isopropoxide with acetic acid. To form the anatase structure, it was calcined at 500°C. TiO2 were added to PLA/PBAT/PBS as a biopolymer blend at 0, 5 and 10 wt% .The TiO2/Bio-composite films were fabricated via blown film technique to produce 40 μm films. Photocatalytic activity efficiency of TiO2/Bio-composite films was performed in an annular closed system under UV light. Since the amount of TiO2 affected the efficiency of the photocatalytic activity, this work was mainly concentrated on the effort to embed the high amount of TiO2 in the biopolymer matrix. The developed photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and SEM. The SEM images revealed the high homogeneity of the deposition of TiO2 on the biopolymer matrix. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) ensures the deposition of TiO2 as crystalline anatase phase. In addition, the photocatalytic results shown that the toluene removal efficiencies increased with an increasing TiO2 dosages at 0 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% , respectively. As aspects, the photocatalytic degradation results showed the highest tolune photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 52.0% at 10 wt% TiO2 .