A novel method for very high resolution measurement of roll angle on a transparent plate is developed theoretically and tested experimentally. The new optical configuration is based on the interferometric readout of phase shift accumulated on the double passage through half wave plate, together with a careful control of polarization state by means of quarter wave plate, and optimizing the tilt of the folding mirror. Sensitivity to roll angle is greatly enhanced and a gain coefficient exceeding 700 is found theoretically, based on Jones' matrix analysis, with a 6-fold increase respect to previous results. In the experimental setup, at the optimum 36° incidence to retroreflector, we measured a gain coefficient of 340. Correspondingly, with an interferometer phase meter resolving 0.01°, a roll-angle resolution 0.1-arc sec is attained.
A high resolution roll measurement heterodyne interferometer with differential configurations is proposed in this paper. The proposed interferometer is composed of a pair of measurement beams providing environmental noise immunity. The structure is designed and the mathematic model based on Jones' matrix for measuring the roll angle is established. Sensitivity is enhanced dramatically because of the opposite phase shift directions of two signals. An experimental setup is built and an amplification factor of 270 is obtained. Correspondingly, a roll angle resolution of 0.13 arcsec is attained using a phase meter with detecting resolution of 0.01°.
This paper presents a method of improving semantic expressions in pictogram chat conversations between Japanese and Chinese speakers, through use of a semantic pamphlet. The semantic pamphlet lists the meanings of 335 pictograms in 12 categories and provides 15 examples of functional statements. In the pictogram chat system, users can look through each pictogram category by clicking a button on the interface. They can also learn how to form sentences by looking the functional statements in the semantic pamphlet. Twelve pairs of Japanese and Chinese speakers participated in the experiment. Each pair engaged in two conversations using the pictogram chat system: one with the help of the pamphlet and one without. The experiment results showed that (1) use of the pictogram pamphlet raised the participants' pictogram comprehension rate, and they made fewer mistakes in communication;(2) use of the pictogram pamphlet increased the participants' use of tense pictograms and reduced their use of noun pictograms; and (3) when participants used the pictogram chat system the second time, they produced longer sentences with more conjunctions.
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