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Background Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are a valuable stem cell source for tissue engineering because they can be harvested non-invasively. Small intestine submucosa (SIS) has been used as scaffolds for soft tissue repair in the clinic. However, the feasibility and efficacy of a combination of USCs and SIS for skin wound healing has not been reported. In this study, we created a tissue-engineered skin graft, termed the SIS+USC composite, and hypothesized that hypoxic preconditioning would improve its wound healing potential. Methods USCs were seeded on SIS membranes to fabricate the SIS+USC composites, which were then cultured in normoxia (21% O2) or preconditioned in hypoxia (1% O2) for 24 h, respectively. The viability and morphology of USCs, the expression of genes related to wound angiogenesis and reepithelialization, and the secretion of growth factors were determined in vitro. The wound healing ability of the SIS+USC composites was evaluated in a mouse full-thickness skin wound model. Results USCs showed good cell viability and morphology in both normoxia and hypoxic preconditioning groups. In vitro, hypoxic preconditioning enhanced not only the expression of genes related to wound angiogenesis (VEGF and Ang-2) and reepithelialization (bFGF and EGF) but also the secretion of growth factors (VEGF, EGF, and bFGF). In vivo, hypoxic preconditioning significantly improved the wound healing potential of the SIS+USC composites. It enhanced wound angiogenesis at the early stage of wound healing, promoted reepithelialization, and improved the deposition and remodeling of collagen fibers at the late stage of wound healing. Conclusions Taken together, this study shows that hypoxic preconditioning provides an easy and efficient strategy to enhance the wound healing potential of the SIS+USC composite.

Delivering electrical signals to neural cells and tissue has attracted increasing attention in the treatment of nerve injuries. Unlike traditional wired electrical stimulation, wireless and remote light stimulation provides less invasive and longer‐lasting interfaces, holding great promise in the treatment of nerve injuries and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as human–computer interaction. Additionally, a bioactive matrix that bridges the injured gap and induces nerve regeneration is essential for injured nerve repair. However, it is still challenging to construct a 3D biomimetic cell niche with optoelectrical responsiveness. Herein, a bioactive platform for remote and wireless optoelectrical stimulation is established by incorporating hydrophilic poly(3‐hexylthiophene) nanoparticles (P3HT NPs) into a biomimetic hydrogel matrix. Moreover, the hydrogel matrix is modified by varying the composition and/or the crosslinking degree to meet the needs of different application scenarios. When exposed to pulsed green light, P3HT NPs in hydrogels convert light signals into electrical signals, resulting in the generation of tens of picoampere photocurrent, which is proved to promote the growth of cortical neurons that covered by hydrogels and the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) encapsulated in hydrogels. This work is of great significance for the design of next‐generation neural electrodes and scaffolds.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric cancer, but the large post-operative ulcers caused by ESD often lead to serious side effects. Post-ESD mucosal repair materials provide a new option for the treatment of post-ESD ulcers. In this study, we developed a polyurethane/small intestinal submucosa (PU/SIS) hydrogel and investigated its efficacy for accelerating ESD-induced ulcer healing in a canine model. PU/SIS hydrogel possessed great biocompatibility and distinctive pH-sensitive swelling properties and protected GES-1 cells from acid attack through forming a dense film in acidic conditions in vitro. Besides, PU/SIS gels present a strong bio-adhesion to gastric tissues under acidic conditions, thus ensuring the retention time of PU/SIS gels in vivo. In a canine model, PU/SIS hydrogel was easily delivered via endoscopy and adhered to the ulcer sites. PU/SIS hydrogel accelerated gastric ulcer healing at an early stage with more epithelium regeneration and slight inflammation. Our findings reveal PU/SIS hydrogel is a promising and attractive candidate for ESD-induced ulcer repair.

In present study, we report on bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are isolated from giant pandas. Cells were collected from the BM of two stillborn giant pandas. The cells were cultured and expanded in 10% fetal bovine serum medium. Cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscopy, and the proliferation potential of the cells was evaluated by counting cell numbers for eight consecutive days. Differentiation potentials of the cells were determined by using a variety of differentiation protocols for osteocytes, adipocytes, neuron cells, and cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, the specific gene expressions for MSCs or differentiated cells were analyzed by RT-PCR. The isolated cells exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology; expressed mesenchymal specific markers such as cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX-2), guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 (GNL3), and stem cell factor receptor (SCFR); and could be differentiated into osteocytes and adipocytes that were characterized by Alizarin Red and Oil Red O staining. Under appropriate induction conditions, these cells were also able to differentiate into neuroglial-like or myocardial-like cells that expressed specific myocardial markers such as GATA transcription factors 4 (GATA-4), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and myosin heavy chain 7B (MYH7B), or neural specific markers such as Nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This study demonstrated stem cells recovery and growth from giant pandas. The findings suggest that cells isolated from the BM of giant pandas have a high proliferative capacity and multiple differentiation potential in vitro which might aid conservation efforts.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death in men, and effective treatment of PCa requires further development. Our study aimed to investigate the potential role of vinculin (VCL) in PCa progression in vitro and in vivo. Methods: We investigated the methylation level of the VCL promoter based on the TCGA database. The knockdown efficacy of VCL gene expression was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, morphological changes in PCa cells were detected using phalloidin staining. The mobility of PCa cells was measured using transwell assays and high-content analysis. Moreover, cell growth and viability were determined using the colony formation and cell counting kit-8 assays. The role of VCL in tumor growth in vivo was investigated using a subcutaneous xenograft model generated by injecting tumor cells into the right flank of BALB/c nude mice. Results: The methylation level of the VCL promoter in PCa was significantly downregulated concomitant with age and the progression of nodal metastasis. VCL expression was markedly decreased by shRNA. Importantly, VCL knockdown significantly changed the cell morphology; inhibited the migration, invasion, and movement; and repressed colony formation and viability of PCa cells in vitro. Furthermore, downregulation of VCL suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: Our study comprehensively evaluated the role of VCL in PCa progression in vivo and in vitro. The findings of the present study suggest that VCL can be a potential target for PCa prognosis and treatment.

Electrical signal is regarded as a key factor to promote nerve cell neurogenesis. However, the usually used exogenous electrical stimulus mode needs additional equipment sources and complicated wirings, which is...