Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo conocer los discursos institucionales de la sexualidad y el autocuidado juvenil. Los participantes fueron hombres y mujeres jóvenes de entre 15 y 19 años, pertenecientes a establecimientos educativos públicos, privados y universitarios de la ciudad de Antofagasta, en el norte de Chile. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa, aplicando entrevistas en profundidad a 24 sujetos. Los principales hallazgos sugieren una relación flexible del sujeto joven con las normativas institucionales, enalgunos casos adscribiéndose a sus mandatos y, en otros, ejerciendo disidencias. Asimismo, se advirtió una implementación deficiente de programas en educación sexual, constituyendo una problemática transversal en establecimientos privados y públicos, aunque con mayores repercusiones sociales en estos últimos.
This article addresses the role of money in power relations among mining and nonmining couples. The research performed in the region of Antofagasta, Chile, is based on an interpretive paradigm, with discursive analysis. Twenty-eight people were interviewed based on the category of conflicts and tensions in money negotiations. Findings include that among older women and men, money appears to be masculinized and associated with an illusion of empowerment of women, exacerbating the androcentric sex/gender model. In their discourses, some women express their progress toward relationships of greater equity. Couples must deal with gender conflicts when negotiating money. Even though women manage the family's money, it's not considered their money; therefore, they don't feel free to use it and must account to the man. In this power game and in negotiating, the model of romantic love prevails, the couple's public and private position, and a neoliberal culture that promotes high levels of consumption.
In this article, we analyze the importance of the face as the expression of stigma for incarcerated women. Using a methodological model of body mapping, we carried out a qualitative analysis from an intertextual perspective on self-portraits. A specific case study was selected: an imprisoned Andean woman (named Satu for the purpose of this research) serving a 10-year sentence in a Chilean prison for drug trafficking. Among the most relevant conclusions, is the expression of the good/evil dichotomy recorded as the manifestation of bitterness and guilt in a moral and institutional penalty system that doubly punishes women offenders, particularly at two levels: a symbolic and imaginary one because of their involvement in criminal activity dominated by males, and the second a real one that strips away their natural right to function in their maternal role, producing extreme guilt.
KeywordsAymara women in prison, body mapping, case studies in Chile, feminist research, individual and group practice
Resumen En este artículo buscamos comprender los significados sobre sexualidad, deseo y placer sexual de jóvenes heterosexuales, estudiantes, de entre 15 y 19 años, de Ocotlán, México y Antofagasta, Chile. Si bien geográficamente distantes, al estar situados en Latinoamérica, ambos emplazamientos comparten elementos socioculturales como: feminidad asociada al modelo mariano; cultura occidental de hegemonía masculina; procesos de colonización europea; religiosidad influyente en la familia y la vida sexual; y peso preponderante del neoliberalismo. La metodología fue cualitativa, con perspectiva pos/decolonial y feminista. La recolección de datos se efectuó con entrevistas y grupos de conversación. Realizamos análisis de inferencias discursivas. Entre los hallazgos, encontramos que en los dos contextos emergen posiciones discursivas de tipo esencialistas sexuales, sexistas, mercantilistas, románticas y contrasexuales.
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