The performance of detonation and underwater explosion (UNDEX) of a six-formula HMX-based aluminized explosive was examined by detonation and UNDEX experiments. The detonation pressures, detonation velocities, and detonation heat of HMX-based aluminized explosive were measured. The reliability between the experimental results and those calculated by an empirical formula and the KHT code was verfied. UNDEX experiments were carried out on the propagation of a shock wave and a bubble pulse of a 1 kg cylindrical HMX-based aluminized explosive under-water at a depth of 4.7 m. Based on the experimental results of the shock wave, the coefficients of similarity law equation for the peak pressure and attenuation time constant of shock wave were in acceptable agreement. The bubble motion during UNDEX was simulated using MSC.DYTRAN software, and the radiusÀtime curves of bubbles were determined. The effect of the aluminum/oxygen ratio on the performance of the detonation and UNDEX for an HMX-based aluminized explosive was discussed.
Abstract:To understand the underwater explosion (UNDEX) performance of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, six formulations of the explosives were prepared, with Al content varying from 30% to 55% and ammonium perchlorate (AP) content from 45% to 20%. A series of UNDEX tests that used a 1 kg cylindrical charge was conducted underwater at a depth of 4.7 m. The pressure histories of the shock wave produced at different positions and the bubble periods were measured. The coefficients of the similarity law equation for the shock wave parameters were fitted with experimental data. The effect of the aluminum/ oxygen (Al/O) ratio on the performance of the energy output structure for RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives is discussed. The bubble motion during UNDEX was simulated using MSC.DYTRAN software, and the radius-time curves of the bubbles were determined. The results show that AP influences the detonation reaction mechanism of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, which causes different UNDEX performances. The bubble energy of the RDX/AP-based aluminized explosive was higher than that of RDX-based and HMX-based aluminized explosives.
Abstract:The detonation performances of TNT-, RDX-, HMX-, and RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives were examined through detonation experiments. The detonation pressure, velocity, and heat of detonation of the four groups of aluminized explosives were measured. Reliability verification was conducted for the experimental results and for those calculated with an empirical formula and the KHT code. The test results on detonation pressures and velocities were in good agreement with the predicted values when aluminum (Al) particles were considered inert. The experimental heat of detonation values exhibited good consistency with the predicted values when a certain proportion of Al particles was active. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) can effectively reduce the detonation pressure and improve the heat of detonation for the RDX/AP-based aluminized explosive. A comparison of the current test results and literature data shows that errors may exist in early test data. The test data presented in this study allow for an improved understanding of the detonation performance of the four groups of aluminized explosives.
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