By incorporating Cytochrome c (peroxidase, Cyt c) into a skeleton of its corresponding synthetic MOF analogue (peroxidase mimic, CuBDC), approximately 12-fold catalytic efficiency (k/K) enhancement is observed compared to free Cyt c. Meanwhile, the shield endowed by CuBDC prevents encapsulated enzymes from deactivation by trypsin digestion, thermal treatment and long-term storage in vitro. This concept of combining enzymes and their MOF mimics with enhanced enzymatic activity and stability may provide new insights into the design of highly active, stable enzyme-MOF composite catalysts and holds promise for applications in biocatalysis, biosensing and drug delivery systems.
Site-specific
drug delivery is an effective approach to decreasing
drug toxicity and enhancing therapeutic effects. In this study, zein
was decorated with folic acid (FA) for targeted delivery of 10-hydroxycamptothecin
(HCPT). The reaction process was monitored using an online ATR-UV
spectrophotometer, and the conjugation degree was quantified using
a UV–vis spectrophotometer. Successful conjugation was evidenced
using FT-IR and 1H NMR. The influence of FA conjugation
on the self-assembly of zein molecules and cellular uptake was investigated
in detail. FA conjugation facilitates the formation of small nanoparticles
with good dispersity and stability and improves the cellular uptake
in folate receptor positive cells. HCPT nanocrystals (NC) were prepared
and incorporated into FA-zein. The drug release behavior of HCPT NC/FA-zein
nanoparticles is more consistent with a diffusion mechanism than a
matrix swelling/erosion mechanism of HCPT NC/zein particles; and HCPT
NC/FA-zein nanoparticles induce higher antitumor activity in folate
receptor positive cells at low HCPT-equivalent concentration. These
results suggest that FA-zein is a potential carrier material for sustained
and targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.
This
study reports a facile approach to construct versatile zein-polydopamine-casein
core–shell nanocomposites (ZPCs) for polyphenol delivery systems.
The surface of zein particles was first modified with mussel-inspired
polydopamine (PDA), and then coated with casein, forming stable colloidal
particles against environmental stresses including pH, salinity, storage,
redispersion, and UV irradiation. Compared with free resveratrol (RES),
the encapsulation of RES into ZPCs (RES-ZPCs) enhanced approximately
5-fold and 2.5-fold antioxidant activity for DPPH and ABTS assays,
respectively. Cellular H2O2 scavenging assay
of RES-ZPCs presents 100% exogenous reactive oxygen species elimination,
whereas free RES eliminates only 63.5%. In vitro cell uptake and cytotoxicity
assays show that ZPCs could be uptake and exhibits nontoxic on the
cell proliferation. This concept of combining PDA and polyphenols
with antioxidant activity and stability may provide new insights into
designing highly active, stable polyphenol delivery systems and holds
promise for applications in food, dietary supplement, and pharmaceutical
industries.
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