Brazil. The virus has been isolated/detected from faeces of healthy pigs as well as those affected with diarrhoea, respiratory signs, encephalitis, skin lesions and fertility disorders. This study was planned to investigate whether PSV is prevalent among pigs in India and to characterize PSV encountered in the study population. The study revealed that five of 70 (7.14%) faecal samples were found positive for PSV using RT-PCR. Three viruses were successfully isolated from faecal samples using IB-RS-2 cell line. Complete genome sequencing and analysis of one Indian PSV isolate revealed highest homology (88%) with V13 strain from England. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete polyprotein nucleotide sequences of 14 strains of PSV classified the viruses into four distinct clades. This first report from India adds to our knowledge on genetic diversity of PSV detected so far among pigs in different countries. A large-scale surveillance of the virus is required to understand its genomic diversity and economic impact.
Disease diagnosis is of crucial importance in making appropriate therapeutic decisions. Conventionally, diagnosis was based on isolation and identification of the causative agent. This was followed in timeline by the development of serological tests. Nowadays, molecular tests credited with high sensitivity like polymerase chain reaction and its variants are replacing the older diagnostic techniques. Major obstacle in adoption of PCR based technique is the need for thermocycler, which precludes its use in low resource setting areas. Isothermal amplification system like Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test is a good alternative. It is a novel nucleic acid amplification assay developed in 2000. Amplification of nucleic acid is carried out under isothermal condition, usually at temperature ranging from 60-65℃. Comparatively higher sensitivity, visual detection, lower reaction time, and dispensable use of thermocycler make LAMP an attractive option for field diagnosis. As the test is not susceptible to inhibitory effect of biological substances, it can be very well applied for direct detection from clinical samples without processing. Moreover, quantitaion of nucleic acid is possible by real time turbidity measurement. Till date, LAMP tests have been developed for diagnosis of a large number of diseases including bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic diseases. Instrument-free systems also have come up. In near future, microchip based LAMP system will be commercially available for point of care testing.All copyrights reserved to Nexus® academic publishers
The complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strain CSFV-UP-BR-KHG-06, from genotype 2.2, was determined. Comparative analysis based on the amino acid sequence of some important B-cell epitopes, T-cell epitopes, glycosylation sites, and conformational residues showed the striking differences between the group 2 virus KHG-06 and the vaccine strains HCLV/India and C-strain.
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