Ethnopharmacological relevance: The dry leaf of Alchornea cordifolia (AC) is used, in traditional medicine in the S Nigeria, for the preparation of blood tonic, remedies for urinary, respiratory, liver and gas intestinal disorders. Aim of the study: This study investigated the protective property of AC leaf against liver damage in animals with a view to exploring its use for the treatment of hepatotoxicity in humans. Material and methods: Ethanol extract of A. cordifolia was used to study the hepatoprotective activity in acetaminophen-induced Albino rats (150-200g). Animals in Group 1 served as vehicle control, Group 2 served as hepatotoxin (Acetaminophen 2g/kg treated) group, Groups 3 and 4 served as positive control (Vitamin E and Curcumin 100 mg/kg bw respectively) groups, and Groups 5-8 served as (200-500mg/kg bw) AC leaf extract treated groups while Group 9 served as normal group (AC extract only 300 mg/kg bw). Results: The hepatotoxic group showed hepatocytic necrosis, cellular infiltration and inflammation in the liver. The treatment group restored the liver cells to their normal lobular architecture in a dose dependent manner. The protection offered by the plant extract compared well with the standard antioxidant agents (Curcumin and Vitamin E). Tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were detected in the phytochemical screening. Conclusion: Our findings suggest Alchornea cordifolia ethanol leaf extract as promising herpatoprotective herb and give credence to the folkloric use of this plant for the treatment of liver problems.
Objectives: Plants from the family Sterculiaceae are used as folk medicine for treating various diseases in India. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Pterospermum rubiginosum and Pterospermum reticulatum of the family Sterculiaceae. The barks of P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are used in traditional medicine especially in the treatment of wounds, sprains, bone fracture, etc. This study, we compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the stem bark of these two plants. Methods: The free radical scavenging assays such as 2,2–diphenyl,1–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’–azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, phosphormolybdenum assay, and reducing power assay are used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts are evaluated by means of lipoxygenase (LOX) and protease inhibition. Results: Both P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum scavenge DPPH (70.10% and 91.02%), ABTS (94.48 and 98.19%), hydroxy (76.02 and 87.67%), and nitric oxide (87.02 and 80.84%) radicals. Phosphomolybdenum assay and reducing power assay, used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials also showed good results. Regarding the anti-inflammatory potential, the methanolic extract of the plants shows anti-protease activity (51.29 and 64.93%) and anti-LOX activity (56%) while P. rubiginosum does not exhibit anti-LOX activity. Conclusion: The above results demonstrate that the plants P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are rich source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds and it is the first report on theantioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the barks of these plants.
The objective of this study was focussed on phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of various solvent extracts of Muehlenbeckia platyclada root. The roots were washed thoroughly, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered material of Muehlenbeckia platyclada was successively extracted with hexane, chloroform and methanol using soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening for carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenolics, saponins, and tannins were done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of three solvent extracts were assessed using DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity and flavonoids were estimated using aluminum chloride colourimetric assay. In vitro anti-protease activity of the root was evaluated using trypsin as enzyme and BAEE (N-benzoyl-Larginine ethyl ester) as a substrate. The results showed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids and glycosides, which present in the methanolic extract, were absent in hexane and chloroform extract of the root. The in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of the Muehlenbeckia platyclada root clearly showed that the plant root has prominent antioxidant and protease inhibiting properties. From this work, it can be concluded that Muehlenbeckia platyclada root has the potential to be a powerful antioxidant and protease inhibitor.
Mitracarpus villosus (Sw) is a herb from Rubiaceae family used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases such as hepatic, skin and venereal diseases, diarrhea and dysentery. It has also been used to treat ringworm and eczema, fresh cuts, wounds and ulcer. The aerial parts of this plant have also been used to make lotion and skin ointment used for skin diseases and infections. In this study we can evaluate the In vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activity of the methanolic extracts from Mitracarpus villosus (Sw). The methods used for antioxidant potentials include DPPH, ABTS, Nitric oxide and Hydroxy radical scavenging assays. We can evaluate the anti-inflammatory potentials by anti-protease activity. Antioxidant assays were done by using the concentrations in the range 20 -100μg/ml and the results were compared with the standard ascorbic acid. The anti-protease activity was done using BAEE (N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester) as substrate and Phenyl methyl sulphonyl fluoride (PMSF), is used as standard. The methanolic extract of the Mitracarpus villosus (Sw) showed better activity for both antioxidant and anti protease assays.
Objective: The aim of this study was focussed on phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of methanolic extract of Nilgirianthus heyneanus stem. Methods: The stem of the plant was washed thoroughly, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered material of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem was extracted with methanol using soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening for carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenolics, saponins, tannins was done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract were assessed using DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity. In vitro anti-protease activity of the plant was analysed using trypsin as an enzyme and BAEE (N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester) as a substrate. Results: The results showed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and polyphenolics are present in the methanolic extract of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem. The in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem clearly showed that the plant has antioxidant and antiprotease activity. Conclusion: From this work, it can be concluded that Niligirianthus heyneanus stem has the potential to be a strong antioxidant and protease inhibitor.
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