Abstract:This article is concerned with modeling pedagogical media competencies and with its relevance for teacher education and, ultimately, for teaching with media in school. To provide a theoretical basis, the field of work will be introduced and defined first and then located in the context of the relevant literature of both Germany and the USA.Afterwards, results of a comparative analysis of German and U.S.-American pedagogical media competency models will be introduced and analyzed theoretically under consideration of country-specific aspects. In a third step, an exploratory study will be presented which illustrates the situation of media pedagogical teacher training in Germany and the USA and thus allows for conclusions on the (missing) connection between the theoretical framework of pedagogical media competencies and the current practice of media pedagogical teacher training. Ultimately, comparative conclusions can be drawn on the present status of both countries, which will reveal implications for further work and necessary practical steps to improve the integration of media in different school-related contexts.

Varios estudios de investigación y de práctica llegan a la conclusión de que la pedagogía de los medios debe integrarse en la formación de profesores para que estos futuros docentes puedan utilizar los medios de comunicación en sus clases con eficacia y éxito. Sin embargo, estos resultados no se reflejan en los programas universitarios vigentes, de manera que en algunas instituciones los profesores en formación pueden llegar al término de sus estudios sin haber abordado cuestiones de educación en medios. Para comprender, evaluar y más adelante mejorar la situación actual de la formación del profesorado en el ámbito de la pedagogía de los medios se necesitan extensas investigaciones. Teniendo en cuenta esta situación, el siguiente artículo presenta un resumen del «statu quo» de las competencias en pedagogía de los medios de los futuros profesores, centrándose en los ejemplos de Alemania y EEUU. Para crear una base presentamos diferentes modelos de competencias pedagógicas mediáticas de ambos países e intentaremos responder a la pregunta de si estas competencias son promovidas por los programas de formación del profesorado. Después, se describirán el método y resultados seleccionados de un estudio que midió las competencias en pedagogía de los medios de estudiantes de ambos países, estudio basado en un modelo generalizador de competencias pedagógicas mediáticas que conectan la investigación alemana e internacional en este campo. La perspectiva internacional comparada ayuda a extender perspectivas y comprender diferencias y similitudes. Los datos de este estudio sirven para identificar diferentes formas de integrar la pedagogía de los medios de comunicación en la formación del profesorado. Además, se pueden sacar conclusiones sobre las consecuencias que implican estos procesos para profesores en formación y sus competencias mediáticasVarious research works and practitioners conclude that media pedagogy should be integrated in teacher education in order to enable future teachers to use media for their lessons effectively and successfully. However, this realization is not necessarily reflected in actual university curricula, as preservice teachers at some places can still finish their studies without ever dealing with media pedagogical issues. To understand, assess and eventually improve the status of media pedagogical teacher education, comprehensive research is required. Against this background, the following article seeks to present a theory-based and empirical overview of the status quo of preservice teachers’ pedagogical media competencies focusing Germany and the USA exemplarily. To form a basis, different models of pedagogical media competencies from both countries will be introduced and the extent to which these competencies have become part of teacher education programs and related studies will be summarised. Afterwards, method and selected results of a study will be described where the skills in question were measured with students from both countries, based on a comprehensive model of...

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<p>Students with special educational needs benefit from carefully designed learning approaches that consider both their individual learning requirements and the advances in teaching and learning methods and tools. This paper presents the initial exploratory results from a pilot study on the advancement of literacy skills through an innovative Augmented Reality (AR)-enhanced gamified educational app for students diagnosed with reading / spelling difficulties or dyslexia. A sample of 5 teachers and 23 students worked with the AR app for the duration of a school term and filled in standardized scales on student motivation upon completion of the pilot study. The analysis of the results indicates that both groups of teachers and students found the AR app motivating to a certain degree. However, there were challenges within the pilot implementation that impeded the successful app use and potentially delimited the perceived motivational effects. Conclusions and outlooks of research perspectives for further development highlight the necessity for further research in this important field.</p>

<p>Students with special educational needs benefit from carefully designed learning approaches that consider both their individual learning requirements and the advances in teaching and learning methods and tools. This paper presents the initial exploratory results from a pilot study on the advancement of literacy skills through an innovative Augmented Reality (AR)-enhanced gamified educational app for students diagnosed with reading / spelling difficulties or dyslexia. A sample of 5 teachers and 23 students worked with the AR app for the duration of a school term and filled in standardized scales on student motivation upon completion of the pilot study. The analysis of the results indicates that both groups of teachers and students found the AR app motivating to a certain degree. However, there were challenges within the pilot implementation that impeded the successful app use and potentially delimited the perceived motivational effects. Conclusions and outlooks of research perspectives for further development highlight the necessity for further research in this important field.</p>

In the previous three main parts, the dimensions of modeling, measuring and advancing media-related educational competencies were analyzed in detail. Against this background, it has now become evident how closely interrelated the three dimensions are. The fourth research question addresses this issue: “What is the relationship between modeling, measuring and advancing media-related educational competencies in both countries?” Hence, the following final chapter will bring together and draw conclusions on the findings presented above and conclude the work with an overall summary and analysis of the relationships between modeling, measuring and advancing media-related educational competencies and with an outlook to further perspectives and research desiderata.

Measuring the media-related educational competencies of preservice teachers is important for the context of this dissertation because it functions as a link between the dimensions of modeling and advancing competencies: on the one hand, measurement instruments can validate and operationalize underlying models, which means concretizing and defining what a competency aspect comprises by observable and measurable behavior. On the other hand, measuring competencies is important in terms of evaluating practices of advancement, because it allows for grounded conclusions, e.g., on the success and outcomes of such practices. This evaluative perspective will be stressed below. However, competency measuring is a complex and challenging task. The following part of this dissertation will give an overview of this context, apply the findings to the models analyzed in Part I and then introduce and discuss an example of a measurement with Paper 1, “Media Pedagogy in U.S. and German Teacher Education,” concluded by further considerations.