BACKGROUND: Extensive and growing use of different chemical pesticides that affect both the environment and human health raises a need for new and more suitable methods to deal with plant pathogens. Nanotechnology has enabled the use of materials at the nanoscale with exceptional functionality in different economic domains including agricultural production. This study aimed to evaluate antifungal potential of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stabilized with different surface coatings and characterized by different surface charge on plant pathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Diaporthe longicolla.RESULTS: AgNPs were coated with three different stabilizing agents: mono citrate (MC-AgNPs), cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB-AgNPs) and polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP-AgNPs). SeNPs were coated with poly-L-lysine (PLL-SeNPs), polyacrylic acid (PAA-SeNPs), and polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP-SeNPs). Seven different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 mg L −1 ) of nanoparticles were applied. All AgNPs and SeNPs significantly inhibited the growth of the tested fungi. Among the tested NPs, PVP-AgNPs showed the best inhibitory effect on the tested plant pathogenic fungi, especially against S. sclerotiorum. The similar inhibition of the sclerotia formation was observed for S. sclerotiorum treated with PLL-SeNPs. CONCLUSION:Obtained results provides new insights on fungicide effect of AgNPs and SeNPs stabilized with different coating agents on different plant pathogens. Further work should focus on detailed risk/benefit ratio assessment of using SeNPs or AgNPs in agriculture taking into account whole agroecosystem.

The effect of different conservation soil tillage (CST) treatments and different level of nitrogen fertilization on Fusarium wheat grain infection on two locations are presented in this paper. The research was conducted on winter wheat with different soil tillage treatments: conventional tillage to 30 cm depth, subsoiling to 35-40 cm depth, chiselling up to 25 cm, disk-harrowing to 10-15 cm and no-tillage, without any tillage treatments and three different nitrogen rates (N1 - amount reduced by 30% of recommended; N2 - according to standard recommendation and N3 - amount increased by 30% of recommended). The occurrence of Fusarium species was determined in all the tested variants of tillage and fertilization treatments. The effect of reduced fertilization (N1) on Fusarium sp. grain infection in all tillage treatments was statistically lower in comparison with other (N2 and N3) nitrogen treatments. The lowest percentage of wheat grains infected with Fusarium sp. was recorded in conventional tillage on location Magadenovac and no tillage treatments on location Cacinci.

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Cilj ovog rada je da da se ustanovi koji sportovi su najpopularniji kod učenika osnovnih škola na teritoriji Beograda, kako bi se ustanovilo koje bi sportove bilo poželjno uvesti kao izborni čas u nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja. Uzorkom je bilo obuhvaćeno 3 090 učenika. Najpopularniji sportovi su bili košarka, plivanje, odbojka a najmanje popularni akrobatika, orijentiring, ritmička gimnastika. Pokazalo se da postoji statistički značajna razlika u odnosu na pol (dječaci su u većoj mjeri priželjkivali uvođenje košarke i fudbala a djevojčice odbojke i plivanja), opšti uspjeh (đaci sa odličnim uspjehom su najčešće predlagali plivanje i odbojku, a učenici koji su imali vrlo dobar, dobar i dovoljan uspjeh su preferirali košarku) i bavljenje sportom (učenici koji se aktivno bave sportom kao i oni koji se više ne bave su preferirali košarku i plivanje a oni učenici koji se nikada nisu bavili sportom su preferirali odbojku i košarku).

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