In a group of 112 dogs with pyometra, 31 per cent showed a normal red blood cell picture, 57 per cent non‐regenerative normocytic normochromic anaemia and 12 per cent non‐regenerative microcytic hypochromic anaemia. The non‐regenerative anaemia was absent or moderate at lower white blood cell levels and markedly present at high to extreme white blood cell counts. The degree of non‐regenerative anaemia was positively correlated with the degree of leucocytosis, neutrophilia, left shift and monocytosis. The more pronounced non‐regenerative microcytic hypochromic anaemia, indicating a more severe chronic blood loss, was usually encountered at extremely high white blood cell levels. The significance of these observations is discussed.
In 75 clinically normal unspayed female control dogs between two and eleven years old the average plasma level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was 21.6 +/- 5.7 (+/- SD) IU/l, of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 40.4 +/- 13.0 IU/l and of the AST/ALT ratio 0.6 +/- 0.2. These values showed only minor changes over years. In 96 bitches with the cystic hyperplasia-pyometra complex there was a very significant increase of the AST, decrease of the ALT and increase of the AST/ALT ratio. The changes were more pronounced in 62 clinically ill bitches with typical endometritis post oestrum, in 18 dogs with gram negative organisms in the uterus and in 53 bitches with white blood cell (WBC) levels higher than 40 X 10(9)/1. Renal failure had no influence on the specific changed values. The changed values returned either temporarily to normal after prostaglandin (PGF2 alpha)-treatment or definitely after ovariohysterectomy.
The seasonal pattern of terpene content and emission by seven Mediterranean woody species was studied under field conditions. Emission rates were normalized at 30ЊC and 1000 mol·m Ϫ2 ·s Ϫ1 PFD (photosynthetic photon flux density). Bupleurum fruticosum, Pinus halepensis, and Cistus albidus stored large amounts of terpenes (0.01-1.77% [dry matter]) with maximum values in autumn and minimum values in spring. They emitted large amounts of terpenes (2-40 g·g DM Ϫ1 ·h Ϫ1 ), but with no clear seasonal trend except for Cistus albidus, which had maximum values in spring and minimum values in autumn. The nonstoring species Arbutus unedo, Erica arborea, Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex also emitted large amounts of terpenes (0-40 g·g DM Ϫ1 ·h Ϫ1 ) and also tended to present maximum emission rates in spring, although this trend was significant only for A. unedo. At the seasonal scale, emission rates did not follow changes in photosynthetic rates; instead, they mostly followed changes in temperature. From autumn to spring, the least volatile monoterpenes such as limonene were emitted at highest rates, whereas the most volatile monoterpenes such as ␣-pinene and -pinene were the most emitted in summer. The monoterpene emission rates represented a greater percentage of the photosynthetic carbon fixation in summer (from 0.51% in Arbutus unedo to 5.64% in Quercus coccifera) than in the rest of the seasons. All these seasonality trends must be considered when inventorying and modeling annual emission rates in Mediterranean ecosystems.
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