ExxonMobil and its affiliate Imperial Oil Resources are currently operating a Solvent-Assisted Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SA-SAGD) experimental pilot plant at Cold Lake, Canada. During pilot operation, up to 20 percent by volume of a light hydrocarbon solvent will be injected with dry steam in a dual horizontal well SAGD configuration. The pilot scope consists of two horizontal well pairs (four wells total), six observation wells, associated steam and solvent injection facilities, artificial lift, and dedicated production measurement and testing facilities.
Previous experimental and computer modeling work completed by the Alberta Research Council (ARC) (Nasr, 2003), Imperial Oil Resources, and ExxonMobil indicates that the addition of solvent to the dry steam increases bitumen production rates and decreases the steam oil ratio (SOR) relative to conventional SAGD processes. A key objective of this pilot is to safely collect high-quality field data to support these findings and quantify process improvement.
This paper will focus on the pilot design approach taken to ensure that the multi-year pilot is successful as well as highlight early pilot performance and operation. Specific design aspects which will be discussed include the choice for the pilot location, the use of detailed geologic models to design and place the horizontal wells, and solvent measurements. Early field results are consistent with expectations. However, longer term operation is required to make a more quantitative assessment. In addition, the pilot operation has demonstrated excellent control of injection pressure, which is critical to the application of this technology in settings with bottom water or top gas.
ExxonMobil and Imperial Oil Resources (Imperial) are conducting a Solvent Assisted - Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SA-SAGD) experimental pilot at Cold Lake in the Clearwater formation where up to 20% by volume of hydrocarbon solvent (diluent) has been injected along with dry steam in a dual horizontal well SAGD configuration.
Experimental work performed by the Alberta Research Council (ARC) (Nasr, 2003) and Imperial indicated that addition of solvent to steam increases bitumen rates and decreases steam-oil ratios relative to the conventional SAGD process. The main objective of this pilot has been to produce high quality field data to definitively support these experimental conclusions.
The pilot scope includes two horizontal well pairs (four wells), six observation wells, associated steam and diluent injection facilities, artificial lift, as well as, dedicated production measurement and testing facilities. The SA-SAGD pilot uses existing steam generation, water treatment, bitumen separation and processing facilities at Imperial's Mahkeses plant and existing steam distribution and production gathering systems.
The main focus of this paper is to document the integrated approach taken to ensure that this multi-year pilot is successful and to provide information resulting from this multi-year pilot. Key surveillance products, such as, production/injection measurements, horizontal-well temperature logs, observation-well temperature and saturation logs, time-lapse 3D seismic, and the impact of a mid-pilot solvent switch will be discussed. In addition, this paper will review how these surveillance products are integrated with laboratory data and simulation efforts to improve our understanding of this process and increase confidence in go-forward predictions.
Given the emerging importance of solvent-assisted thermal heavy-oil processes and the accelerated conversion of this technology from laboratory-scale to field-scale, data from a field pilot provides invaluable information in the quest to deploy this emerging in-situ recovery technology.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.