One of the objectives sought within the teaching-learning processes is the apprehension of knowledge. In the cultural and heritage tourism sector, these processes are integrated with the help of the Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), such as immersive technologies, to develop new forms of interaction, improve the user experience, disseminate knowledge, and promote these destinations. Given the boom in technological development and its application in tourism, this study is based on analyzing through a systematic literature review the research progress that has been made in this area. The proposed methodology comprises a series of information search and characterization stages in which 54 studies are analyzed. The systematic analysis and breakdown stage highlights the use of gamification and e-Learning as key tools for the apprehension of knowledge in tourism environments, showing its versatility in developing digital tools for different contexts. The results allow proposing a research agenda based on three key components: e-Learning as an instrument of interactive education where technologies are articulated with pedagogical aspects, dynamic marketing, and its replicability in different tourism sectors, as well as the development of advergames and the development of gamification techniques and games from the technological field and its characteristics as an evaluative tool in the field of learning.
UNESCO Global Geoparks are characterized by their contribution to the conservation of natural, geological, and cultural resources of the regions where they are located. Geoparks also represent an important figure within the sustainable development of the regions, so strategies around economic growth, conservation, and promotion of education are a fundamental part of their raison d'être. This study aims to identify the main trends in educational and conservation processes in geoparks worldwide. The methodological approach is based on the review of 114 articles from a search equation in the Scopus database, analyzing the results through a series of quantity, quality, and structure indicators. The search period is between 2005 and 2023, so there are recent advances in implementing educational aspects in geoparks. Other results point to the participation of several Asian and European countries as the most predominant, as well as a trend in the implementation of educational processes focused on earth sciences, environmental sciences, and social sciences. Sustainable development and conservation education programs are major players in the findings of this study. In this way, geoparks work as centers for developing conservation dynamics, developing economic and social aspects driven by educational initiatives, and disseminating knowledge to the communities and visitors. The geoheritage tourism sector integrates educational practices into developing experiences to raise awareness among the community and visitors..
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