RESUMOPara estimar a dispersão de argilas determina-se, em laboratório, a argila dispersa em água. Esta análise pode não corresponder à realidade em solos salinos e salino-sódicos com concentrações elevadas de sais na sua solução. Neste contexto determinou-se a argila dispersa utilizando soluções de diferentes condutividades elétricas (0; 0,3; 0,6, 0,9 e 1,2 dS m -1 ) em sete solos representativos do Estado de Pernambuco com percentagem de saturação de sódio ajustada no intervalo de 5-30%. Os resultados evidenciaram que houve incremento nos valores da argila dispersa diretamente relacionado com o aumento da percentagem de saturação de sódio e com a diminuição da condutividade elétrica na solução de trabalho. A resposta aos tratamentos foi mais acentuada nos solos com maiores proporções de argilas mais ativas frente àqueles com mais óxidos de ferro. As determinações da argila dispersa em água são realizadas com água deionizada ou destilada; no entanto concluiu-se, para solos afetados por sais, que as análises deveriam ser realizadas com soluções de condutividade elétrica diferente de 0 dS m -1 , utilizando-se valores próximos aos do extrato da pasta de saturação.Palavras-chave: solos salinos, solos salino-sódicos, percentagem de sódio trocável, condutividade elétrica da solução do solo, extrato da pasta de saturação Clay dispersion in salt affected soils ABSTRACT To estimate clay dispersion the water dispersible clay is determined in the laboratory. This analysis may not correspond to reality in saline and saline-sodic soils, with high concentrations of salts in the solution. In this context, the dispersed clay was determined, using solutions of different electrical conductivities (0; 0.3; 0.6; 0.9 and 1.2 dS m -1 ) in seven representative soils of the State of Pernambuco, with the exchangeablesodium-percentage adjusted in the range of 5-30%. The results showed that there was an increase of dispersed clay directly related to the increase in the exchangeable sodium percentage and the decrease of the electrical conductivity of the solution. The response to treatments was more pronounced in soils with higher proportions of more active clays compared to those with more iron oxides. The determinations of the water dispersible clay are accomplished with deionized or distilled water. However, in soils affected by salts, it is concluded that the determinations should be carried out with solutions of electrical conductivity different from 0 dS m -1 using solutions with values similar to those determined in the saturation extract.
Hydraulic conductivity is determined in laboratory assays to estimate the flow of water in saturated soils. However, the results of this analysis, when using distilled or deionized water, may not correspond to field conditions in soils with high concentrations of soluble salts. This study therefore set out to determine the hydraulic conductivity in laboratory conditions using solutions of different electrical conductivities in six soils representative of the State of Pernambuco, with the exchangeable sodium percentage adjusted in the range of 5-30%. The results showed an increase in hydraulic conductivity with both decreasing exchangeable sodium percentage and increasing electrical conductivity in the solution. The response to the treatments was more pronounced in soils with higher proportion of more active clays. Determination of hydraulic conductivity in laboratory is routinely performed with deionized or distilled water. However, in salt affected soils, these determinations should be carried out using solutions of electrical conductivity different from 0 dS m-1, with values close to those determined in the saturation extracts.
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