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Quality of service (QoS) enhancement is one of the prominent research areas in a mobile ad hoc network in which a variety of routing protocols is introduced. However, those routing protocols do not support efficiently, the multiple routes in the network, as congestion occurs owing to multiple routes. Hence, the infrastructure-less and dynamic nature of the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) demands a new set of networking strategies to improve the QoS. In this paper, a priority aware (PA) mechanism is implemented by assigning priority in accordance with their data rates in dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol in order to enhance the QoS for MANET. Five different connections are considered, and the performance parameter of the network such as throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and end-to-end delay (EED) is estimated for the proposed priority aware DSR (PA-DSR) protocol. From the simulation, it is observed that the proposed PA-DSR protocol performs better than the DSR protocol due to its rate cutting mechanism.

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In this paper, OR and AND logic gate functions are realized in a triangular lattice using two dimensional photonic crystal (2DPC). The proposed design of logic gates are based on the phenomenon of resonance and interference. The OR and AND logic gates are constructed by varying the rod radius and by creating Y-shaped waveguide in the structure. Initially, the OR gate is designed with reference input and without reference input and it’s extended for AND gate. The functional parameters of the logic gates such as response period, bit rate, contrast ratio and field distribution of different logics are investigated through 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The contrast ratio, response period, bit rate and size of the three input OR gate are 30 dB, 0.52 ps, 1.92 Tbps and 12.6 μm×11 μm, respectively. Similarly, the aforementioned parameters are estimated for two input OR gate, two input AND gate and three input AND gate. The proposed logic gates are highly desirable for integrated optics.

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